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BACKGROUND: Falls are common among older persons and can have a major impact on their lives. Wearable sensors used in free-living conditions (moving naturally in one's daily living environment) can be used to predict falls and fall risks. To understand if using the wearable sensors is an acceptable way for older persons to be screened for fall risks, it is important to have knowledge of older pers
Acute dyspnoea is one of the most common presenting symptoms in the emergency department (ED) and has a variety of underlying causes. Calprotectin is a neutrophil activation marker associated with adverse outcomes in acute cardiovascular and infectious diseases. However, the usefulness of calprotectin in the risk stratification of patients with acute dyspnoea is unknown. The objectives were to, in
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the associations between the intake of high- and low-fat fermented dairy (cheese and fermented milk), their proteomic profiles, and mortality risk.METHODS: This cohort study included 25,187 participants (mean age 57.7 years, 60.9% females). Fermented dairy intake was assessed by a modified diet history method. In a random subset of this cohort (n = 4359), we co
Background Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the 2 major types of gastric cancer. Several foods, nutrients, and nonnutrient food components seem to be involved in the regulation of chronic inflammation. Objective We assessed the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of gastric carcinoma, overall and for the 2 major subsites: cardia
Background: The role of inflammatory and hemodynamic stress biomarkers in heart failure (HF) patients treated de novo with beta-blockers has been poorly studied. Methods: A total of 86 patients (age 56 +/- 9 years, 81 men) with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% and previously not treated with beta-blockers were initiated on carvedilol. At baseline and 12 months later we performed ech
An association between high Galectin-4 (Gal-4) and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with heart failure (HF) has previously been reported. The purpose of this study was to confirm these findings, as well as to further investigate this association, in a Swedish HF population. In addition, a second aim was to explore Gal-4’s association with obesity and biomarkers of metabolism and heart failure. G
Psykiskt störda lagöverträdare har länge särbehandlats i den svenska rättsordningen. I nästan alla rättssystem ingår ett krav på tillräknelighet som brottsförutsättning. Detta krav togs bort i den svenska straffrätten i samband med brottsbalkens ikraftträdande 1965. Att vara tillräknelig innebär att man har en viss förmåga att förstå vad man gör, och att man kan kontrollera sitt handlande. Endast Mentally disturbed offenders have for a long time been treated differently in the Swedish criminal law. In nearly all legal systems there is a requirement of accountability for criminal liability. In order to be accountable you have to possess the ability to understand your actions and to be able to control them. Only then you can be punished for a criminal act. The requirement was removed from th
Background: Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
OBJECTIVE-FTO is the most important polygene identified for obesity. We aimed to investigate whether a variant in FTO affects type 2 diabetes risk entirely through its effect on BMI and how FTO) influences BMI across adult life span. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Through regression models, we assessed the relationship between the FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms rs9939609, type 2 diabetes, and BM
Häktning och restriktioner anses vara de mest ingripande personella tvångsmedel som kan användas mot den misstänkte. Det anses nödvändigt att åklagaren under förundersökning och brottmålsprocessen kan använda sig av straffprocessuella tvångsmedel för att lösa brott. Här skapas en spänning mellan statens möjligheter till effektiv brottsutredning och den enskildes krav på att tvångsåtgärder inte tilDetention and restrictions are the most coercive measures that can affect the suspect. It is considered necessary that the prosecutor during preliminary investigation and criminal trial procedure can use coercive measures to solve crimes. Here emerges a tension between the state´s opportunities to effective criminal investigation and the individual’s requirements that coercive measures are not app
Så kallade ”handskakningsfall” har varit brinnande aktuella i den svenska debatten under nästan hela 2016. Det har företrädesvis handlat om religiösa män som, med hänvisning till sin religiösa övertygelse, valt att inte skaka hand med en kvinnlig chef eller kollega. Männens nekade handskakning har lett till att de inte fått en sökt praktikplats eller arbete och de har i och med missgynnandet menatDuring 2016 there was a widespread debate in Sweden regarding ways of greeting one another in a work environment. Mostly there have been cases where a muslim man refuses to shake hands with a female boss or coworker, with regards to his religious beliefs. The refusal of shaking hands has led to the men missing job opportunities and internships. Because of this these men have argued that they have
Context: The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin, inhibits glucagon secretion at hyperglycemia but appears to enhance glucagon counterregulation during hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes.Objective:The objective of the investigation was to study whether vildagliptin also improves α-cell function in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Patients and Methods: The study was a single-center, double-blind, ra
Last three decades, China has experienced a stunning economic development, which has transformed the whole county on various levels. Until now, China has followed investment and export led growth and has become the world’s largest manufacturer. However, under the veil of rapid growth, social and economic imbalances have emerged causing a number of serious challenges facing China. Moreover, the Chi
he basic idea of the particular way of understanding mental phenomena that has inspired the "cognitive revolution" is that, as a result of certain relatively recent intellectual and technological innovations, informed theorists now possess a more powerfully insightful comparison or model for mind than was available to any thinkers in the past. The model in question is that of software, or the list
BACKGROUND: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a useful low-cost marker of insulin resistance. We aimed to evaluate the association between TyG index and arterial stiffness, incidence of diabetes, adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in two large prospective Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study-Cardiovascular Cohort (MDCS-CV) and the Malmö Preven
OBJECTIVES: Genomewide association studies (GWAS) have identified consistent associations with obesity, with a number of studies implicating eating behavior as a primary mechanism. Few studies have replicated genetic associations with dietary intake. This study evaluates the association between obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake. METHODS: Data were obtained as part of the Diabetes Prev
The aim of this thesis was to study annually laminated (varved) Holocene lake sediment in Sweden, their formation and their potential as chronological and palaeoecological archives. Five lakes with continuous Holocene varved lake sediment sequences in northern (Västerbotten) and west central Sweden (Värmland) were investigated. Three of these sequences were discovered during this study, which iden
Purpose: Various food patterns have been associated with weight change in adults, but it is unknown which combinations of nutrients may account for such observations. We investigated associations between main nutrient patterns and prospective weight change in adults. Methods: This study includes 235,880 participants, 25–70 years old, recruited between 1992 and 2000 in 10 European countries. Intake
