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Significant progress has been made in elucidating genetic risk factors influencing Type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, features other than genetic variants that initiate and/or accelerate islet autoimmunity that lead to the development of clinical T1D remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that genetic and environmental risk factors can both contribute to T1D through dynamic alterations of molecular
Importance: Recent studies have questioned the presumed low-risk status of patients with asymptomatic nonsevere aortic stenosis (AS). Whether annual N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements are useful for risk assessment is unknown. Objective: To assess the association of annual NT-proBNP measurements with clinical outcomes in patients with nonsevere AS. Design, Setting, a
Western diet is extending worldwide and suspected to be associated with various metabolic diseases. Many food products have skim milk powder added to it and, during processing, lactose reacts with milk proteins and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are formed. Dietary MRPs are suggested risk factors for metabolic dysregulation, but the mechanisms behind are still enigmatic. Here we describe that w
Very few countries have managed to decouple economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions in absolute terms and where this was achieved at rates too slow to meet the climate targets of the Paris agreement. To do so, technological solutions would need to be combined with sufficiency-oriented policies in a post growth context. Contributing to such a policy strategy, this paper explores the potential
Patient associations for cancer patients (PACPs) are increasing in number as well as in the number of members. We utilised a questionnaire to investigate how members of 13 PACPs motivated their memberships. The study included 1,810 individuals who had been treated for breast cancer, gynaecological cancer, or prostate cancer. Through questionnaires these individuals were asked to articulate why the
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a worldwide epidemic burst accounting for billions of cardiovascular disease events and deaths. The genetic basis of MetS is largely unknown. The rs11646213 T → A polymorphism maps at 16q23.3 upstream of the CDH13 gene codifying for cadherin-13 (also known as T-cadherin or H-cadherin), which is considered a vascular adiponectin receptor. This and other single-
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been suggested to have both pro- and anti-atherogenic properties. High plasma Gal-3 levels are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) death. However, it has so far not been investigated if plasma Gal-3 levels can predict the risk for future stroke in patients suffering from carotid atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Gal-3 could
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the level of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) generated by lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is associated with severity of inflammation in human atherosclerotic plaques. Elevated plasma Lp-PLA2 is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Lp-PLA2 inhibition reduces atherosclerosis. Lp-PLA2 hydrolyzes low-density lipoprotein-oxidized phospholipi
PURPOSE: The early loss of a parent is a tragedy and a serious life event. This study investigated grief resolution and morbidity in cancer-bereaved teenagers 6 to 9 years after the loss of a parent to cancer. METHODS: In a nationwide population-based study of 622 of 851 (73 %) youths who as teenagers 6 to 9 years earlier had lost a parent to cancer, we explored the magnitude of unresolved grief a
Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) has independent diagnostic and prognostic value for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification, but studies on its association with anthropometric and CV factors are sparse in young individuals without overt CV disease. We aim to provide descriptive data regarding VAC and its associations with CV risk factors in young adults without overt CV disease. For 631 (mean
Dysregulation of circulating lipids is a central element for the metabolic syndrome. However, it is not well established whether human subcutaneous adipose tissue is affected by or affect circulating lipids through epigenetic mechanisms. Hence, our aim was to investigate the association between circulating lipids and DNA methylation levels in human adipose tissue. DNA methylation and gene expressi
Background: Pay-for-performance (P4P) has been widely used in healthcare, but there are few experiences of hospital-based P4P at scale. The evidence of impact from these has been mixed, and there has been increased recognition of the importance of different contexts, designs, incentives and other factors. In 2014, the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health integrated a P4P model for determining hospit
Precision medicine is part of the logical evolution of contemporary evidence-based medicine that seeks to reduce errors and optimize outcomes when making medical decisions and health recommendations. Diabetes affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, many of whom will develop life-threatening complications and die prematurely. Precision medicine can potentially address this enormous proble
The widespread decline of insect pollinators poses a conservation concern and threatens both the pollination of wild plants and crops. Primary drivers of pollinator decline are habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, which to a large extent result from agricultural intensification. Numerous tools have been developed to aid decision-making relating to insect pollinators and pollination in agri
Background: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is associated with higher cholesterol levels, and an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities after initiation of amyloid-modifying therapies. A worse cognitive response to cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) treatment and longitudinal outcome in APOE ε4-carriers has been observed. Based on these c
Human appreciation of nature and natural elements is ubiquitous. The role of emotions in human relationships with nature has received increasing attention within environmental psychology, for example by employing constructs such as affinity with nature. Also, researchers are recognizing the importance of studying emotions for understanding human-wildlife interactions (Jacobs, 2009; Johansson &
Coastal protection has evolved from focusing on hard solutions such as breakwaters and groynes to include soft or nature-based solutions (NbS). NbS have been pro- posed as cost-effective means to offer long-term coastal protection and at the same time strengthen coastal resilience and biodiversity. However, projects utilizing NbS for coastal protection have often focused on a single solution and t
BackgroundCarotid artery disease is highly prevalent and a main cause of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. There is a paucity of information on predictors of serious vascular events. Besides percentage diameter stenosis, international guidelines also recommend the evaluation of qualitative characteristics of carotid artery disease as a guide to treatment, but with no agreement on which qualit
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Excess adiposity is differentially associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic disease in men and women, according to observational studies. Causal inference studies largely assume a linear relationship between BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes, which may not be the case. In this study, we investigated the shapes of the causal relationships between BMI and cardiometabolic dis
