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III-V semiconductor heterostructures are important components of many solid-state optoelectronic devices, but the ability to control and tune the electrical and optical properties of these structures in conventional device geometries is fundamentally limited by the bulk dimensionality and the inability to accommodate lattice-mismatched material combinations. Here we demonstrate how semiconductor n
Pt-TiO2-C composites with different titanium oxide loading were synthesized by photo-deposition and chemical vapor deposition methods. The changes in their electronic properties improve the electrochemical activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) compared to the Pt-C catalyst synthesized at the same conditions. The platinum samples were physically characterized by means of Transmission
The extent to which in-situ global mechanical tensioning (GMT) can be used to modify the residual stress state in friction stir (FS) welds is investigated in this article. Residual stress distributions have been determined by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction for four sets of FS welds in high-strength AA7449-W51 and lithium containing AA2199-T8 aerospace aluminum alloys subjected to a syst
By studying how nanowires lying on a surface bend when pushed by an atomic force microscopy tip we are able to measure the friction between them and the substrate. Here, we show how the friction between InAs nanowires and an insulating silicon nitride layer varies when a dc voltage is applied to the tip during manipulation. The bias charges the capacitor formed by the wire and the grounded silicon
In recent years, there has been growing interest in measuring the efficiency of hospitals in Iran and several studies have been conducted on the topic. The main objective of this paper was to review studies in the field of hospital efficiency and examine the estimated technical efficiency (TE) of Iranian hospitals.
BACKGROUND:The incidence of invasive disease caused by encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae type f (Hif) has increased in the post-H. influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine era. We previously annotated the first complete Hif genome from a clinical isolate (KR494) that caused septic shock and necrotizing myositis. Here, the full genome of Hif KR494 was compared to sequenced reference strains Hib 10810, cap
We present an extensive experimental and theoretical study of the proximity effect in InAs nanowires connected to superconducting electrodes. We fabricate and investigate devices with suspended gate-controlled nanowires and nonsuspended nanowires, with a broad range of lengths and normal-state resistances. We analyze the main features of the current-voltage characteristics: the Josephson current,
Interferon (IFN) signaling has been suggested to play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Our study aimed to examine potentially functional genetic variants in interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF5, IRF7, type I and type II IFN and their receptor genes with respect to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and clinical outcome. Altogether 74 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were cove
Familial clustering of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well established, but the familial risk of COPD has not been determined among adoptees. The aim was to determine whether the familial transmission of COPD is related to disease in biological and/or adoptive parents.
Although the familial clustering of multiple myeloma (MM) supports the role of inherited susceptibility, only recently has direct evidence for genetic predisposition been demonstrated. A meta-analysis of two genome-wide association (GWA) studies has identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) localising to a number of genomic regions that are robustly associated with MM risk. In this review,
Background: Evidence has accumulated which suggests that sex steroids influence colorectal cancer development and progression. We therefore assessed the association of repeat polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor beta gene (ESR2) and the androgen receptor gene (AR) with colorectal cancer risk and prognosis. Methods: The ESR2 CA and AR CAG repeat polymorphisms were genotyped in 1798 cases (746 fem
Quantum dots are an important model system for thermoelectric phenomena, and may be used to enhance the thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency in functional materials, by tuning the Fermi energy relative to the dots' transmission resonances. It is therefore important to obtain a detailed understanding of a quantum dot's thermopower as a function of the Fermi energy. However, so far it ha
The material quality at high-k interfaces are a major concern for FET devices. We study the effect on two types of InAs nanowire (NW) transistors and compare their characteristics. It is found that by introducing an inner layer of Al2O3 at the high-kappa interface, the low frequency noise (LFN) performance regarding gate voltage noise spectral density, S-Vg, is improved by one order of magnitude p
We report on highly Mn-doped GaAs nanowires (NWs) of high crystalline quality fabricated by ion beam implantation, a technique that allows doping concentrations beyond the equilibrium solubility limit. We studied two approaches for the preparation of Mn-doped GaAs NWs: First, ion implantation at room temperature with subsequent annealing resulted in polycrystalline NWs and phase segregation of MnA
Achieving phase purity and control in III-V nanowires is a necessity for future nanowire-based device applications. Many works have focused on cleaning specific crystal phases of defects such as twin planes and stacking faults, using parameters such as diameter, temperature, and impurity incorporation. Here we demonstrate an improved method for crystal phase control, where crystal structure variat
Background: About half a billion people with disabilities in developing countries have limited access to assistive technology. The Convention on the Rights of persons with Disabilities requires governments to take measures to ensure provision of such technologies. To guide implementation of these measures there is a need for understanding health outcomes from a human rights perspective. The object
III–V nanowire (NW) transistors are an emerging technology with the prospect of high performance and low power dissipation. Performance evaluations of these devices, however, have focused mostly on the intrinsic properties of the NW, excluding any parasitic elements. In this paper, a III–V NW transistor architecture is investigated, based on a NW array with a realistic footprint. Based on scaling
