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Background: Testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in blood are widely used and associated with prostate cancer risk and outcome. After puberty, PSA levels increase by age and multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be associated with PSA levels. However, the relationship between the effects of SNPs and age on PSA remains unknown. Methods: To test for SNP × a
Event-based control is a promising concept for the design of resource-efficient feedback systems, where events such as sampling, actuation, and data transmissions are triggered reactively based on monitored control performance rather than a periodic timer. In this thesis, we investigate how sampling and communication events should be triggered to fully exploit the potential of event-based control
Desludging is considered a key step in urban sanitation improvement. Nevertheless, in most urban unplanned settlements, desludging is performed in an unhygienic manner, risking public health. This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyse the underlying factors for unhygienic desludging in three urban unplanned settlements of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Factors for u
Deposition of aerosol nanoparticles using an electrostatic precipitator is widely used in the aerosol community. Despite this, basic knowledge regarding what governs the deposition has been missing. This concerns the prediction of the size of the particle collection zone, but also, perhaps more importantly, prediction of the nanoparticle concentration distribution on the substrate, both of which a
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is highly prevalent in older adults and a growing cause of disability. Easily accessible first-line treatment of OA is increasingly important. Digital self-management programs have in recent years become available. Evidence of short-term effects of such programs are abundant, yet reports on long-term benefits and adherence to treatment are scarce. The current study’s
Purpose: Since 2006, higher education institutions (HEIs) in Sweden, should according to the Higher Education Act, promote sustainable development (SD). In 2016, the Swedish Government asked the Swedish higher education authority to evaluate how this study is proceeding. The authority chose to focus on education. This paper aims to produce a report on this evaluation. Design/methodology/approach:
The vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism is probably the most versatile method to fabricate semiconductor nanowires and several investigations assume a compositionally homogeneous catalyst particle. In this investigation we address the compositional homogeneity of the catalyst particle during growth of nanowires. Using diffusion calculations, we show that the particle is indeed homogeneous during VL
Dying in older persons precedes often by a prolonged period of frailty and multimorbidity. The global increase in the aged population means more death at an older age and highlights the need to integrate palliative care in elderly care. Knowledge-based palliative care is lacking outside the specialist units, for which reason there is insufficient access to palliative care for older persons. Thus t
Introduction: Housing shortage due to population growth within metropolitan areas, combined with an ageing population, has put pressure on current housing provision in Sweden. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable housing policies to accommodate the growing number of seniors in accessible home environments. This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of how municipalities cur
Global value chains (‘GVCs’) have become a basic operative unit of economic production. Their development over the twentieth and twenty-first centuries has resulted in immense creation of wealth while linking together individuals, companies and economies across the world. But GVCs are also a major cause for environmental degradation, carbon emissions and human rights abuses—the ‘externalities’ of
We compared vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 between December 2021 and March 2022 when Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were the dominating SARS-CoV-2 variants in Scania county, Sweden. Effectiveness remained above 80% after the transition from BA.1 to BA.2 among people with at least three vaccine doses but the point estimate decreased markedly to 54% among those with only two doses. Protection
The unfolding COVID-19 pandemic, and the unprecedented social and economic costs it has inflicted, provide an important opportunity to scrutinize the interplay between the resilience of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the resilience of the communities they are embedded in. In this article, we articulate the specific ways that SMEs play a crucial, and underappreciated role in building
Purpose: Malignant breast lesions can be distinguished from benign lesions by their mechanical properties. This has been utilized for mechanical imaging in which the stress distribution over the breast is measured. Mechanical imaging has shown the ability to identify benign or normal cases and to reduce the number of false positives from mammography screening. Our aim was to develop a model of mec
In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly agreed on the 2030 Agenda forSustainable Development to guide public policies and inspire societal actors topromote sustainable development worldwide. The core of this programme are 17‘Sustainable Development Goals’ with 169 more specific targets. Two years ofintense intergovernmental negotiations at the United Nations headquarters in NewYork preceded t
BACKGROUND Exome sequencing in hundreds of thousands of persons may enable the identification of rare protein-coding genetic variants associated with protection from human diseases like liver cirrhosis, providing a strategy for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. METHODS We performed a multistage exome sequencing and genetic association analysis to identify genes in which rare protein-coding
Three-dimensional brain organoids have emerged as a valuable model system for studies of human brain development and pathology. Here we establish a midbrain organoid culture system to study the developmental trajectory from pluripotent stem cells to mature dopamine neurons. Using single cell RNA sequencing, we identify the presence of three molecularly distinct subtypes of human dopamine neurons w
