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For model verification which is mainly focused on the control of discretization errors of numerical results, a posteriori error estimation plays an important role in various numerical tools such as the finite element method. The outputs of interest are usually converted into integral functionals over the problem domain for a posteriori error analysis. Among the available techniques for goal-orient
Climate change and eutrophication are two environmental threats that can alter the structure of freshwater ecosystems and their service functions, but we know little about how ecosystem structure and function will evolve in future scenarios of climate warming. Therefore, we created different experimental climate scenarios, including present-day conditions, a 3.0 °C increase in mean temperature, an
Christian Zionism is usually characterized as a theological and political movement grounded in literalist bible hermeneutics and End-time speculations that dedicate unwavering support to the State of Israel and the Jewish people. The prophetic element in Christian Zionism has in later years been downplayed for a more down-to-earth focus on social and political commitment to the well-being of the s
Under 1680-talet trädde Sophia Elisabet Brenner fram som poet och blev snart känd och uppskattad för sina dikter vid olika tillfällen i livet. Tillfällesdiktningen var en flexibel genre som gav henne möjligheten att resonera om tidens aktuella frågor, till exempel kvinnans ställning i äktenskap och samhälle eller värderingen av det som var gammalt och fornt och det som var nytt. Hennes rykte spred
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen behandlar vardagslivets resor i staden. Utgångspunkten är de negativa konsekvenser som resor, framför allt med bil, har för miljön. Bilismen är ett fenomen som dominerar stora delar av samhället och istället för att minska i omfattning tycks den själv driva fram ett ökat bilberoende genom att avstånden och kraven på snabba transporter ökar. I slutändan hand
A detailed stratigraphical, palaeoecological and geomorphological reconstruction of a fjord head on South Georgia (Husvik, Stromness Bay) is presented. Six sites were chosen to reconstruct the lithostratigraphy of the area by means of coring. A maximum depth of 11m was attained and the sediments encountered vary from coarse gravel over sands to fine silts with, in some cases, intercalated peat lay
High-quality video is being increasingly delivered over Internet Protocol networks, which means that network operators and service providers need methods to measure the quality of experience (QoE) of the video services. In this paper, we propose a method to speed up the development of no-reference bitstream objective metrics for estimating QoE. This method uses full-reference objective metrics, wh
Understanding the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on bees is vital because of reported declines in bee diversity and distribution and the crucial role bees have as pollinators in ecosystems and agriculture. Neonicotinoids are suspected to pose an unacceptable risk to bees, partly because of their systemic uptake in plants, and the European Union has therefore introduced a moratorium on three
Industry 4.0 can be described as the next generation-factories that is characterised by putting a high demand for automation and flexible production lines. The proposed way to achieve this goal is through a large number of Industrial IoT devices(IIoT) in the factory, some having high availability- and low-latency requirements. This demands for a software that can monitor and manage the application
The migration issue has been a hot topic for decades. However, internal migration has not received as much attention as international migration. Furthermore, the internal migration pattern can differentiate from ethnicities and nativity status, further impacting their social-economic status. This thesis aims to discover the ethnic differences in internal migration patterns and the differences betw
Today plastic packaging is used in a wide array of industries including the pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, the increasing amount of plastic waste from packaging is generating great amount of contaminants that do not only damage the environment, but as well the society and the economy as a whole. Whilst industries of fast consumer goods, such as the food and fashion industry enjoy vast rese
The global food industry is the second main contributor to climate change whilst climate change also poses threats to future food security (Ritchie & Roser, 2020). One of the suggestions to decrease the environmental footprint of consumption and increase the resilience of food systems, is the shift to local production and consumption (Stein & Santini, 2021; Van Gameren et al., 2015). Howev
The world is currently facing a biodiversity and climate crisis which are globally interlinked. Nature-based solutions (NBS), defined as “actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural and modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously benefiting people and nature” is part of the solution to these challenges. Here we give a status overv
Landscape-scale land use is important in driving species communities and interactions. However, despite increasing concerns regarding the ecological consequences of insect declines, our understanding of how the relative proportions of different land cover types influence insect herbivory in species-rich semi-natural habitats remains limited. This study assessed leaf, stem, and flower herbivory acr
In this paper, we argue that e-participation research is at a crossroads as its theories and empirical scope are increasingly detached from the contemporary relationship between information technology and political participation. We illustrate this challenge through two developments: (1) the dissolving boundaries between online and offline spheres of political participation and (2) the growing diIn this paper, we argue that e-participation research is at a crossroads as its theories and empirical scope are increasingly detached from the contemporary relationship between information technology and political participation. We illustrate this challenge through two developments: (1) the dissolving boundaries between online and offline spheres of political participation and (2) the growing di
The acquisition and dissemination of essential information for understanding global biogeochemical interactions between the atmosphere and ecosystems and how climate-ecosystem feedback loops may change atmospheric composition in the future comprise a fundamental prerequisite for societal resilience in the face of climate change. In particular, the detection of trends and seasonality in the abundan
The nitrogen (N) cycle is a familiar concept. As is the much simplified, often diagrammatic, representation commonly used to illustrate the scale, importance and interconnectedness of this global cycle that links air, water, rocks and living beings. However, in this representation, humans are often presented as a seemingly minor entity or not explicitly shown at all. This can obscure the idea that
Plant functional traits are fundamental to ecosystem dynamics and Earth system processes, but their global characterization is limited by available field surveys and trait measurements. Recent expansions in biodiversity data aggregation—including vegetation surveys, citizen science observations, and trait measurements—offer new opportunities to overcome these constraints. Here we demonstrate that
Groundwater-dependent vegetation (GDV) plays a vital role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Mediterranean biome but is increasingly threatened by climate and land use change. Large-scale GDV mapping in arid regions is critical for effective conservation and water resource management but remains challenging due to limited ground-truth data and the lack of high-resolution rem
