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ObjectivesTo determine whether development of ANCA–associated vasculitis (AAV) shows a relationship to a prior infection and if prior infection affects disease characteristics and outcome.MethodsAll incident cases of AAV diagnosed in a defined region of Sweden from 2000 through 2016 were identified. For each case, 10 individuals from the general population, matched for age, sex, and area of reside
Background and purpose: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) are associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). Conversely, infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been suggested to reduce the risk of MS but supporting data from presymptomatic studies are lacking. Here, it was sought to increase the understanding of CMV in MS aetiology. Methods: A nested case–con
BACKGROUND: Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) occurs separately and in several hereditary disorders including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Irradiation to the neck, female gender, and age are well-identified risk factors that predispose to pHPT. The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene is the most commonly deranged gene in parathyroid adenomas and contains several polymorphism
The usefulness of blood culture time-to-positivity (TTP) in the diagnosis of endovascular infections has previously been shown. Here, we investigated TTP in 41 patients with F. necrophorum bacteraemia and found an association between short TTP and Lemierre's syndrome (p = 0.026).
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic musculoskeletal inflammatory disease found in up to 30% of psoriasis patients. Prolargin—an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein present in cartilage and tendon—has been previously shown elevated in serum of patients with psoriasis. ECM protein fragments can reflect tissue turnover and pathological changes; thus, this study aimed to develop, validate and charac
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events such as stroke. However, it is still unclear if decreased kidney function is associated with a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque phenotype. To explore if renal function was associated with carotid plaque vulnerability we analyzed carotid plaques obtained at surgery from the Carotid Plaque Imagin
The host defense peptide LL-37 is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but it has also been shown to reduce human host cell viability. However, the mechanisms behind LL-37-induced human host cell cytotoxicity are not yet fully understood. Here, we assess if LL-37-evoked attenuation of human osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability is associated with apoptosis, and if the underl
Aims: To clarify whether parasympathetic neuropathy in Type 2 diabetic patients is associated with features of the insulin resistance syndrome. Methods: Blood pressures, glycaemic control (HbA(IC)), plasma lipids, residual β-cell function (fasting plasma C-peptide), autonomic nerve function, urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rate (Cr-EDTA clearance) were evaluated in 82 Type 2 di
Urbanization represents a fierce driver of phenotypic change, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying observed phenotypic patterns are poorly understood. Epigenetic changes are expected to facilitate more rapid adaption to changing or novel environments, such as our towns and cities, compared with slow changes in gene sequence. A comparison of liver and blood tissue from great tits Parus major ori
Background: The mechanism of synaptic loss in Alzheimer’s disease is poorly understood and may be associated with tau pathology. In this combined positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) study, we aimed to investigate spatial associations between regional tau pathology ([18F]flortaucipir PET), synaptic density (synaptic vesicle 2A [11C]UCB-J PET) and synaptic function (M
Welding fumes were recently classified as carcinogenic to humans and worldwide millions work as welders or perform welding operations. The purpose of this study was to identify new biomarkers of welding-induced carcinogenesis. We evaluated a panel of 91 putative cancer-related proteins in serum in a cohort of welders working with mild steel (n = 77) and controls (n = 94) from southern Sweden sampl
A central question in Alzheimer's disease concerns the mechanism by which β-amyloid contributes to neuropathology, and in particular whether intracellular versus extracellular β-amyloid plays a critical role. Alzheimer transgenic mouse studies demonstrate brain dysfunction, as β-amyloid levels rise, months before the appearance of β-amyloid plaques. We have now used immunoelectron microscopy to de
K2-19 hosts a planetary system composed of two outer planets, b and c, with size of 7.0 ± 0.2 R⊕ and 4.1 ± 0.2 R⊕, and an inner planet, d, with a radius of 1.11 ± 0.05 R® A recent analysis of Transit-Timing Variations (TTVs) suggested b and c are close to but not in 3:2 mean motion resonance (MMR) because the classical resonant angles circulate. Such an architecture challenges our understanding of
Objectives: We assessed the relationship between emotional awareness (e.g., the ability to identify and differentiate our own feelings and feelings of others) and regional brain volumes in healthy and in schizophrenia groups. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 29 subjects with schizophrenia and 33 matched healthy controls were acquired. Brain gray matter was parcellated using FreeSurfer and 28
Summary: In elderly men included in MrOS-Sweden, subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) was markedly associated with increased risk of vertebral fractures. Introduction: Overt hyperthyroidism is associated with increased risk of fractures. However, only a few studies have investigated whether SHyper is associated with fracture risk in elderly men. We therefore investigated if SHyper was a risk facto
RATIONALE: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a rare, irreversible, and progressive disease of the lungs. Common genetic variants, in addition to non-genetic factors, have been consistently associated with IPF. Rare variants identified by candidate gene, family-based, and exome studies have also been reported to associate with IPF. However, the extent to which rare variants genome-wide may contribut
Intronic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FOXO3A are associated with human longevity. Currently, it is unclear how these SNPs alter FOXO3A functionality and human physiology, thereby influencing lifespan. Here, we identify a primate-specific FOXO3A transcriptional isoform, FOXO3A-Short (FOXO3A-S), encoding a major longevity-associated SNP, rs9400239 (C or T), within its 5′ untranslated re
Background: Short blood culture time-to-positivity (TTP) has been shown to correlate with infective endocarditis, yet TTP has never been investigated in Fusobacterium necrophorum bacteremia. Since Lemierre’s syndrome occurs after an oropharyngeal infection with the development and subsequent embolization of septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, it could also be considered an endova
