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Streptococcus pyogenes can cause invasive disease with high mortality despite adequate antibiotic treatments. To address this unmet need, we have previously generated an opsonic IgG1 monoclonal antibody, Ab25, targeting the bacterial M protein. Here, we engineer the IgG2-4 subclasses of Ab25. Despite having reduced binding, the IgG3 version promotes stronger phagocytosis of bacteria. Using atomic

Background: 4-1BB (CD137) is a co-stimulatory receptor highly expressed on tumor reactive effector T cells and NK cells, which upon stimulation prolongs persistence of tumor reactive effector T and NK cells within the tumor and induces long-lived memory T cells. 4-1BB agonistic antibodies have been shown to induce strong anti-tumor effects that synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The firs

Antikroppar har ett brett användningsområde med stor potential men det är svårt att skapa stabila lösningar. Den strukturella stabiliteten är en viktig faktor när man väljer läkemedelskandidater, och i de tidiga utvecklingsstadierna görs prediktiva undersökningar för att ta reda på varje kandidats stabilitet och utvecklings-potential. Därmed är det av största intresse att utvärdera hur antikropparA great challenge during early development of medicinal antibodies is to determine the stability of the candidates. This is required to be able to select the candidates with the greatest developability. The stability of the candidates can be estimated using different orthogonal techniques and the aim of this investigation was thus to use orthogonal techniques for the investigation of conformationa

BackgroundDespite the fact that eldercare services are organizationally part of social work in Sweden, the social work practice is disappearing and older people are expected to take the responsibility for their own well-being. In this context, they have to create their own sense of meaningfulness in their everyday life, despite being subject to social care services.Methods As part of a research pr

The immune processes associated with atherogenesis have received considerable attention during recent years. IgG FcRs (FcgammaR) are involved in activating the immune system and in maintaining peripheral tolerance. However, the role of the inhibitory IgG receptor FcgammaRIIB in atherosclerosis has not been defined. Bone marrow cells from FcgammaRIIB-deficient mice and C57BL/6 control mice were tra

Measurements are presented of inclusive charm and beauty cross sections in e(+)p collisions at HERA for values of photon virtuality 12 <= Q(2) = 60 GeV2 and of the Bjorken scaling variable 0.0002 <= x <= 0.005. The fractions of events containing charm and beauty quarks are determined using a method based on the impact parameter, in the transverse plane, of tracks to the primary vertex, as measured

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible role of FCGR2A 519A>G and FCGR3A 559A>C functional polymorphisms in the genetic predisposition to susceptibility to systemic sclerosis (SSc) or clinical phenotype. METHODS: A total of 1566 patients with SSc and 2271 geographically matched controls were included in our study. We analyzed the genotype and allele frequencies of the FCGR2A 519A>G and FCGR3A 559A>

In a previous study we presented data indicating that the expanded population of CD4(-)CD8(-) (DN) alphabeta T cells in TCRalpha-chain-transgenic mice was partially if not entirely derived from gammadelta T cell lineage cells. The development of both gammadelta T cells and DN alphabeta T cells is poorly understood; therefore, we thought it would be important to identify the immediate precursors of

Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a prominent role in immune signaling, and the paradigms for isoform selective signaling are beginning to be elucidated. Real-time microscopy was combined with molecular and biochemical approaches to demonstrate a role for PKC-epsilon in Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR)-dependent phagocytosis. RAW 264.7 macrophages were transfected with GFP-conjugated PKC isoforms, and GFP m

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation modulates antibody activity and represents a major source of heterogeneity within antibody preparations. Depending on their glycosylation pattern, individual IgG glycovariants present in recombinant antibody preparations may trigger effects ranging from enhanced pro-inflammatory activity to increased anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, reduction of IgG gly