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Three different methods of using protein-based capacitive biosensors for the detection of heavy-metal ions are presented. The metal-binding proteins SmtA, S100A12, MerP and four modified MerPs were immobilised as the bio-recognition element on self-assembled monolayer-modified gold electrodes. Capacitance was measured using potential square step or electrical impedance spectroscopy. The protein-me

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) offer a large number of new potential applications. One of the envisioned applications is of course Internet access, which can be provided with the help of some roadside basestations. Many of the applications benefit from multi-hop relaying of information, thus requiring a routing protocol. Characteristics unique to VANETs (such as high mobility and the need for

Approximate expressions of the first moment of the order statistics of standard extreme value distributions are proposed. We compare different previously given approximations with the exact values. The results show that the approximation given here fits the exact values better than previously given models.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns ett stort behov av molekyler eller reagenser för korrekt och snabb diagnos och/eller behandling av sjukdom. På laboratorier används särskilda verktyg för att ta fram sådana reagenser. Verktygen utgörs ibland av levande organismer, som t ex bakterier och virus, och kallas bioteknologiska verktyg. Ett av dessa verktyg baseras på användandet av en speciell typ avPhage display technology is a biotechnological tool that can be used to obtain molecules/reagents able to discriminate between target molecules. Reagents with such features can be used in diverse settings like biological chemistry, diagnostics and in therapeutic applications. Phage display technology is based on the use of recombinant DNA technology, bacteria and a special kind of bacterial virus,

Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING PÅ SVENSKA Vår arvsmassa finn's lagrad som linjära dubbelsträngade DNA-molekyler, kromosomer, i våra celler. Celler i vävnader och organ förnya's ständigt genom celldelning. Kromosomerna i en cell måste replikera's för att kunna ge upphov till två nya celler. Replikeringsmaskineriet har bara förmågan att arbeta i en riktning läng's meABSTRACT Telomerase activity is a potential molecular marker for cancer and primitive cells in regenerative tissues. The most commonly used method to measure telomerase activity in cells is the telomerase reverse amplification protocol (TRAP) assay, where the protein extracts derived from homogenized cells are analysed. In this thesis we focused on developing a method where telomerase activity co

BackgroundRespiratory diseases are the most common cause for seeing a doctor in Nicaragua, and the second most common cause of death in children. An air monitoring program in the capital city, Managua, has shown high levels of air pollution, especially small particles. Important sources for this pollution are road traffic, smoke from cooking with wood, from burning of sugar cane fields before harv

This paper presents an analysis of the point-spread functions (PSFs),which may be expected in the so-called improved seeing limited mode forthe Euro50 (Extremely large telescope with a 50 m aperture). This modecomprises adaptive control of the deformable secondary mirror of theaplanatic Gregorian telescope configuration using guide stars in a widefield. I may result in efficient compensation of tu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid internationell handel med varor utgår olika skatter och avgifter; dessutom kan varorna vara föremål för import- och exportbegränsningar. Genom frihandelsavtal kan dock bestämmas att vissa varor får importeras och exporteras tullfritt. De bestämmelser som således gäller för olika varor sammanfattas för skilda varuslag i tulltaxan. Varuklassificeringen har därför storIn international commerce, various taxes and charges are levied on commodities; besides, goods may be subject to import and export restrictions. However, free-trade agreements may stipulate that some goods can be imported and exported free of charge. The regulations pertaining to different types of merchandise are reflected in the customs tariff of a state or customs union. The application of many

Poverty and to fight poverty is certainly on top of the EU agenda and especially in the wake of the economic and financial crisis that has struck many European Member States. Poverty is a central element of the newly initiated EU2020 strategy and the EU´s ambition is to seek to lift at least 20 Million people out of poverty and social exclusion to the year 2020. This report has addressed the follo

Significant saving potential is believed to exist in all economic activities of the private sector of MENA countries. However this potential is hardly explored in systematic ways. Particularly in the context of a country like Saudi Arabia, where the cost of water production is among the highest in the world, the incentives to examine this potential should be high. In 2007, a group of private secto