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OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to estimate the risk for postoperative adhesions and intestinal obstruction after cesarean delivery and to estimate whether the rate remains stable over time. STUDY DESIGN: Women who had the aforementioned diagnoses in the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry were linked to the Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Women with diagnoses increasing the risk for adh

The gut microbiota is linked with human health, and by manipulating its composition, health conditions might be improved. The aim of this study was to investigate whether two barley products, whole-grain barley and barley malt, caused differentiation of the caecal microbiota in rats fed high-fat diets and whether there were correlations with the short-chain fatty acids formed.

We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with cortical bone thickness (CBT) and bone mineral density (BMD) by performing two separate genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses for CBT in 3 cohorts comprising 5,878 European subjects and for BMD in 5 cohorts comprising 5,672 individuals. We then assessed selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for osteoporotic fracture in 2,

Nutrients and other bioactive constituents of foods may interact with each other and the surrounding food matrix in complex ways. Therefore, associations between single nutrients and chronic disease may be difficult to identify and interpret, but when dietary patterns (DPs) are examined the combination of many food factors will be considered. An explorative literature search of published review ar

Osteoporosis is characterized by compromised bone mass and strength, predisposing to an increased risk of fracture. Increased bone metabolism has been suggested to be a risk factor for fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether baseline bone turnover markers are associated with long-term incidence of fracture in a population-based sample of 1040 women who were 75 years old (Malmo OPRA

BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Inve

Do children and young adults born after assisted reproductive technology (ART) have an increased risk of cancer?

The interpretation of postmortem heart weight is often difficult, and references for normal heart weight are important. However, to assess the cause of death at a medicolegal autopsy it is also important to have references based on an unselected population of medicolegal autopsy cases with non-natural causes of death (not due directly to disease). We aimed at studying and deriving references for a

BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but the modest size of previous studies precluded detailed characterization of the role of individual MetS factors and their interaction on risk. METHODS: In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer Project (Me-Can), data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol,

OBJECTIVE: P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) has been shown to play a significant role in septic lung injury. However, the detailed role of PSGL-1 in the pulmonary leukocyte recruitment remains elusive. We have developed a method based on intravital fluorescence microscopy of the lung microcirculation to examine the role of PSGL-1 in the extravasation process of leukocytes in septic lung d

We investigated associations between metabolic factors and blood cancer subtypes. Data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides from seven prospective cohorts were pooled (n = 578,700; mean age = 44 years). Relative risks of blood cancers were calculated from Cox regression models. During mean follow-up of 12 years, 2,751 incident and 1,070 fata

Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration is associated with high arterial blood pressure and hypertension risk, but whether this association is causal is unknown. We used a mendelian randomisation approach to test whether 25(OH)D concentration is causally associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk.

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is related to the aging of somatic cells. We hypothesized that LTL is inversely associated with mortality in elderly men. LTL was measured in 2744 elderly men (mean age 75.5, range 69-81years) included in the prospective population-based MrOS-Sweden study. Mortality data were obtained from national health registers with no loss of follow-up. During the follow-up (me

Background: The optimal timing of pharmacological treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in extremely pre-term infants is unknown. Objective: To investigate whether timing of pharmacological PDA treatment is associated with a risk of secondary PDA surgery or death before 3 months of age, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. Methods: In this population-based cohor

A light-storage experiment with a total (storage and retrieval) efficiency eta = 56% is carried out by enclosing a sample, with a single-pass absorption of 10%, in an impedance-matched cavity. The experiment is carried out using the atomic frequency comb (AFC) technique in a praseodymium-doped crystal (0: 05% Pr3+: Y2SiO5) and the cavity is created by depositing reflection coatings directly onto t

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a strong risk factor for hepatocellular cancer, and mutations in the HFE gene associated with HH and iron overload may be related to other tumors, but no studies have been reported for gastric cancer (GC). A nested casecontrol study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), including 365 incident gastric adenoca

OBJECTIVE: Identify risk factors for fragility fractures and mortality in women aged 48. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective population-based observational study on 390 white north European women aged 48 at study start. At study start, we measured bone mineral density (BMD) by single-photon absorptiometry (SPA) in the distal forearm, anthropometry by standard equipment and registered menopausal status, heal