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Background: The eco-corona, consisting of environmental biomolecules formed around engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) when released to the environment, has gained increasing focus in the scientific literature and its role for ENM fate and toxicity is now widely acknowledged. The European chemicals legislation, REACH, entails reporting requirements when it comes to the transformation of nanoforms. Gui

Perovskites have attracted widespread attention for laser applications due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, perovskite lasers typically exhibit a wavelength shift as pump density increases. Here, we report a pump-induced wavelength shift-free laser achieved using a perovskite nanoplatelet with mixed orthorhombic and tetragonal phase. At 293 K, the tetragonal-phase perovskite

Mononuclear iron(iv)-oxo, iron(iv)-imido and iron(iv)-nitrido complexes are common catalytic cycle intermediates in enzymes, where the metal is typically linked to the protein through cysteinate or histidine sidechains. Enzymatic high-valent iron(iv)-imido and -nitrido intermediates have never been trapped and characterized; hence, there is uncertainty regarding their structure and function. Using

The birth prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) varies globally, and regional differences have previously been observed within Sweden. Updated data on CL/P birth prevalence is needed and has been requested nationally and internationally. This study investigated regional differences and temporal trends in the birth prevalences of CL/P and specific cleft subtypes across Sweden’s six health ca

Near infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has received significant attention. However, it remains challenging to develop NIR emitters with a high brightness. Herein, we report a supramolecular approach to formulate NIR fluorescent molecular nanoparticles from cationic NIR fluorophores and cyanostar receptors using their charge-by-charge packing in small-molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES). F

Background: Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the most potent ligand to the androgen receptor, is synthesised from testosterone (T) by 5α-reductase type 1 and 2. While type 1 is expressed in several non-reproductive tissues in both sexes, men also express high levels of the high-affinity type 2 isoform in reproductive tissues; yet women have a higher circulating DHT to T (DHT/T) ratio than men. We hypoth

Knee osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent whole-joint disease that is associated with substantial morbidity. If step changes are to be made in the management of knee osteoarthritis, novel patient stratification approaches are needed to identify the most effective treatment for individual patients. Numerous methods for stratifying patients with knee osteoarthritis can be employed; clinical presenta

Biogenic ice-nucleating particles (INPs) can significantly impact mixed-phase clouds by enhancing precipitation and reducing albedo. As Arctic sea ice diminishes, the exposure of open ocean may increase aerosolization rates of marine bioaerosols and INPs. We investigated INP concentrations and microbial communities in ambient marine air, sea bulk water (SBW), and sea surface microlayer (SML) along

BackgroundPatients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) who undergo primary and interval debulking surgery are often anemic at diagnosis, with iron deficiency being the most common cause. The aim was to investigate whether preoperative anemia and iron deficiency impact short-term recovery.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 262 patients with AOC who underwent surgery at Skane University

Occupational exposure to the carcinogen hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] occurs during stainless steel production, welding, and chrome plating. Two sister-projects, SafeChrom and SAM-Krom, were initiated in Sweden and Denmark, respectively, to inform stakeholders, decision-makers and regulators on current occupational exposure to Cr(VI), and preventive measures prior to revision of national occupation

Semiconductor nanowires provide a versatile platform for fluorescence-based detection enabled by their high refractive index and waveguiding properties, which amplify excitation and emission from surface-bound fluorophores. Together with their large surface-to-volume ratio, these features enable enhanced and even single-molecule sensitivity.This thesis explores the use of gallium phosphide (GaP) a

Epitaxially grown nanowires have shown promise for photovoltaic applications due to their nanophotonic properties. Moreover, the mechanical properties of nanowires can reduce crystallographic defect formation at interfaces to help enable new material combinations for photovoltaics. One material that stands to benefit from the nanowire morphology is zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), which, despite promising

In Acoustofluidics, sound pressure waves can cause a force field on the liquid in a microfluidic channel. The forces depend on density and compressibility of the medium as well as the pressure and velocity amplitude of the sound. The forces lead to a steady flow in the bulk of the fluid, namely acoustic streaming. If a localized change in temperature introduces a gradient in compressibility and de

The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early mammalian embryogenesis remains unclear due to the complexity of the regulatory mechanisms involving lncRNAs and the limited availability of embryo samples. Stem cell-based models, such as mouse gastruloids, provide new ways to address these challenges. Here, we investigate the function of ultra-conserved lncRNA T-UCstem1 in mammalian body plan f

Background: Medial plica is a structure with limited understanding of its pathology, but it may be related to the development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association between medial plica and medial meniscus extrusion (MME), progression of MME, and the risk of early-stage knee OA development in middle-aged persons. Methods: A total of 340 subjects with tibiofemoral Kellgren–

Magnetic Weyl semimetals have emerged as a fertile ground for exploring quantum phases of matter and quasiparticles. The latter includes unconventional fermions with larger Chern numbers than those of conventional Weyl fermions and topologically nontrivial band structures in bosonic excitations. They hold potential for further experimental exploration of emergent quantum matter, magnon-polarons, w

Aims Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for aortic stenosis that is common in the elderly, but less is known in younger individuals. The aim was to study the prevalence and associated characteristics of AVC in a middle-aged general population. Methods and results Data were obtained from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) comprising 30 15

Rare earth elements (lanthanides) are critical materials for many applications, particularly those involved in new energy. Extracting these elements economically from low-concentration sources may be challenging. This study investigates the interaction of Ce and Gd with microalgae that have been triggered to form phosphate-rich granules. Lanthanides usually occur in nature as phosphates, and there

When exposed to high levels of phosphate after experiencing phosphate deficiency, microalgae can synthesize granules rich in intracellular phosphate. The understanding of the mechanism of production and nature of these granules remains incomplete. Here we studied phosphate distribution and chemistry in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Desmodesmus armatus using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (