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Background: Differences in the performance of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations have been attributed to the mathematical form of the equations and to differences between patient demographics and measurement methods. We evaluated differences in serum creatinine (SCr) and eGFR in cohorts matched for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and measured GFR (mGFR). Methods: White North Ame

Catalytic processes are present in a wide range of aspects, from fundamental biological processes to modern chemical synthesis. In practical terms, catalysis has thrived as a rapidly growing industry. However, a significant gap in our understanding of catalytic processes exists between the molecular and industrial scales, arising from the complexity at the nano- and micro-levels of catalytic nanop

The characterisation of fast phenomena at the microscopic scale is required for the understanding of catastrophic responses of materials to loads and shocks, the processing of materials by optical or mechanical means, the processes involved in many key technologies such as additive manufacturing and microfluidics, and the mixing of fuels in combustion. Such processes are usually stochastic in natu

Investigation of how one can control the oxidation of engineered nanoparticles by using different carrier gases.

AIM: Breath-holding spells (BHS) are common in children, but evidence-based clinical guidelines are lacking. We investigated a large population-based cohort of BHS patients, to propose a refined description of typical BHS and guidelines for its management.METHODS: In a cross-sectional retrospective study, patients diagnosed with BHS in Southern Sweden 2004-2018 were recruited. Disease characterist

Today's Carrier-Envelope Phase (CEP) stabilizations of mode-locked oscillators widely used in attosecond science and frequency metrology rely on octave spanning frequency combs and the detection of beating between the blue end and the frequency doubled red end of the same spectrum. This technique was established by the seminal works of Hänsch and co-workers [1], demonstrating the stabilization of

Habitat loss and population fragmentation pose severe threats to biodiversity and the survival of many species. Population isolation and the decline in effective population size lead to increased genetic drift and inbreeding. In turn, this reduces neutral diversity, and it also affects the genetic load of deleterious mutations. Here, we analyse the effect of such genomic erosion by designing a spa

En systematisk genomgång av internationella vetenskapliga studier inom tvångsvård av personer med beroende.

To prevent diseases arising from exposure to toxic metals, more knowledge about their temporal changes is needed, especially in children, the most vulnerable group. This study follows temporal changes in blood lead (BPb), mercury (BHg) and cadmium (BCd) levels in schoolchildren (8–11 years old) from two cities in southern Sweden. One blood sample per 773 children was used for time trend analyses b

As the proverbial noose tightens around humanity’s resource spending, research is focused on utilizing materials to their fullest potential. Nanotechnology is the ultimate way to economize by splitting objects into smaller parts and dispersing the material properties over greater surface to volume ratios. Emerging quantum effects at the nanoscale present unique tweaking opportunities in applicatio

Neighborhood support can improve aging in place for older adults, but research on the role of public housing staff in supporting older tenants is lacking. Twenty-nine participants (janitors, n = 11; maintenance staff, n = 18) collected data about critical situations among older tenants residing in apartments in Sweden. Modifying the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) and applying a mixed-methods de

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is, despite screening, not always detected early enough and is together with other tumor types known to shed genetic information in circulation. Unlike single-copy nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies range from 100s to 10,000s per cell, thus providing a potentially alternative to identify potential missing cancer information in circulation at an early stage.METH

Oxide defects in the high-k/InGaAs MOS system are investigated. The behaviour of these traps is explored from room temperature down to 10 K. This study reveals that the exchange of free carriers between oxide states and either the conduction or the valence band is strongly temperature dependant. The capture and emission of electrons is strongly suppressed at 10 K as demonstrated by the collapse of

INTRODUCTION: Mammographic breast density (MBD) is an established breast cancer risk factor, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be deciphered. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification is associated with breast cancer development and aberrant FGF signaling found in the biological processes related to both high mammographic density and breast cancer microenvironment.

Small-angle neutron scattering is used to study the exchange bias effect in Mn50Ni40Sn10. The martensitic transformation is found to be responsible for the nanometer-scale spin clusters (SCs) inside the low-temperature ferromagnetic (FM) martensite phase. The magnetic field dependences of the SCs and FM domains exhibit an asymmetry that characterizes the exchange bias. We find that the surface geo

The significance of neutron spin adiabaticity in the data analysis of polarized Grazing Incidence Small Angle Neutron Scattering (GISANS) is discussed, with the aim of minimizing the number of simulation parameters of complex magnetic models within the neutron scattering cross-section. We illustrate how an estimate of the neutron polarization direction and adiabaticity can be obtained by magnetic

Air pollution affects human health and is particularly bad for susceptible groups, such as children. Health effects of air pollution are dependent on the particle deposition in the respiratory tract. To better understand the particle deposition for children we need to gain more knowledge about how and when the structure of the peripheral lung is developed.1