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Optical tweezers, atomic force microscopes, patch clamping, or fluorescence techniques make it possible to study both the equilibrium conformations and dynamics of single DNA molecules as well as their interaction with binding proteins. In this paper we address the dynamics of local DNA denaturation (bubble breathing), deriving its dynamic response to external physical parameters and the DNA seque
The article examines how European narratives of crisis have been related to religion in different eras by different factions and with varying intentions. In the first section, I offer some examples from the interwar era, in which religion was used as part both of a conservative nationalistic narrative of crisis and a progressive liberal one. Secondly, I revisit some of the post-war debates, in whi
This paper attempts to move beyond the well-established argument that discourses of gender equality and feminist tropes at times have played a role in justifying, legitimizing and extending military aggression on behalf of the West in the Middle East. Instead, this paper explores the ways in which the US army in concrete terms is redoing masculinity in its presentation of itself as a gentler, kind
Thin solid films of bis benzimidazo perylene (AzoPTCD) were fabricated using physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. Thermal stability and integrity of the AzoPTCD PVD films during the fabrication (∼400 °C at 10 -6 Torr) were monitored by Raman scattering. Complementary thermogravimetric results showed that thermal degradation of AzoPTCD occurs at 675 °C. The growth of the PVD films was establi
This thesis is based on work done by the author on the development of laser wakefield accelerators.Wakefield acceleration in plasmas is a promising technique to provide the next generation of accelerating structures and particle beams. Plasmas can sustain electric fields that are many orders of magnitude stronger than those possible in conventional accelerators. Other benefits of wakefield acceler
Konsten att flyga har uppstått fyra gånger under evolutionens gång: hos fåglarna, fladdermössen, insekterna och de nu utdöda flygödlorna. En av dessa grupper – insekterna – har varit otroligt framgångsrik: insekter står för ungefär 80% av världens arter. Troligtvis har förmågan att flyga bidragit till deras framgång. Men trots att det finns många fördelar med att kunna flyga – man kan till exempel fly frAerodynamic theory states that the power required to fly is related to flight speed with a ∪-shaped curve. This has been shown in vertebrates, but insects have been proposed to have a flat, or J-shaped power curve. This means that hovering – flying at zero speed – is energy-efficient, which would explain why it is a relatively common flight mode in insects. In this thesis I show that some insects do, in
The band structure and local properties of La2O3 and LaF3 crystals are investigated within the framework of CNDO approximation.
We investigate different processes which may be responsible for ejection of two electrons from the external shell of xenon through the absorption of two and three photons, namely two-photon direct double ionization and three-photon sequential double ionization via the ion in an excited state or in the ground state. We calculate the cross sections of the ionization processes involved, using many-bo
Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in the upper half of the skull, in 324 residents (178 women and 146 men, age-range 20-87 years) in the city of Malmo, Sweden. Since muscular activity influences the skeleton we found it was of interest to compare one region influenced by physical load with one virtually unaffected by physical stress. The skull may be assum
The frequency of laying gaps was studied in a nestbox breeding population of Blue Tits Parus caeruleus during the breeding season of 1990. In as many as 27% of the 55 clutches studied, laying was interrupted for at least one day. It is concluded that the interruption of egg laying depends on food availability since the frequency of laying gaps decreased in clutches laid by females experimentally p
