Filtyp
Syfte och frågeställning: Internet har vuxit och dess användningsfrekvens har ökat enormt under den sista delen av 1990-talet fram till idag. Detta har resulterat till att Internet har blivit en central kommunikationskanal för den västerländska befolkningen. För företag och organisationer har Internet även blivit en viktig marknadsföringskanal. Internetannonsering blir ett allt vanligare företeels
On January 16, 2008 DG Competition announced the initiation of a Sector Inquiry Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (Text with EEA relevance) OJ L 1, 04/01/2003 p. 1 (''Regulation 1'') Article 17. into the Pharmaceutical Industry which it had begun by conducting unannou
Brown seaweeds are marine macro algae, which are quite unexplored for their potential uses in food products in Europe. Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta are fast growing brown seaweeds species in European countries, mainly found in Norway and cold waters of the North Atlantic. These species are known to be rich sources of iodine, protein, polyphenols, carbohydrates and micronutrients like
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is a theory that is used for describing the interaction between matter and cavity modes. Not until relatively recently, cavity QED has been extended to the study of photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). Multiple phenomena unique to strongly cavity-coupled molecular systems have also been observed in LHCs in cavities. Of such phenomena, one is the fo
Uppsatsen inleds med en genomgång av ramverket för Black-Scholes-Merton-modellen. Bl. a. härleds Black och Scholes partiella differentialekvation genom att replikera avkastningen från en köpoption med hjälp av en självfinansierad portfölj bestående utav aktier och obligationer. Även en kort introduktion till risk-neutral värdering ges. Optionens känslighetsmått (”grekerna”) presenteras i form av 3
While deforestation and forest degradation have gained attention in recent years not least at the UN climate negotiations, a third “de”, i.e., defaunation, has to a great extent been overlooked. Human-induced faunal loss does not only reduce tree species diversity, but also significantly erodes key ecosystem services and functions and further disadvantages local communities. In this article, we an
Carbon storage dynamics in vegetation and soil are determined by the balance of carbon influx and turnover. Estimates of these opposing fluxes differ markedly among different empirical datasets and models leading to uncertainty and divergent trends. To trace the origin of such discrepancies through time and across major biomes and climatic regions, we used a model-data fusion framework. The framew
Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) is the most important transformation of the Earth system that occurred in the preindustrial Holocene, with implications for carbon, water and sediment cycles, biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services and regional and global climate. For example, anthropogenic deforestation in preindustrial Eurasia may have led to feedb
The ongoing ESA funded'SMOS + Vegetation' project combines a retrieval component that aims at further improving the SMOS VOD product with an assimilation component that aims at demonstrating the added value of this product in constraining simulated land surface fluxes of carbon dioxide. This contribution focuses on the project's modelling and assimilation component. We describe the construction of
Translations of poems by Swedish poet Lasse Söderberg (b. 1931).
The Paris Agreement establishes a transparency framework for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It's core component are inventory-based national greenhouse gas emission reports, which are complemented by independent estimates derived from atmospheric CO2 measurements combined with inverse modelling. It is, however, not known whether such a Monitoring and Verification Support (MVS) capac
Sex is a pervasive factor that underpins functional phenotypic variation across a range of traits. Although sex can usually be distinguished morphologically, in some species this is not possible. The development of genetic markers for sex identification is, thus, key if we are to incorporate sex into an understanding of ecological or evolutionary process. Here we develop genetic markers for the id
Genetic background and age at first exposure have been identified as critical variables that contribute to individual vulnerability to drug addiction. Evidence shows that genetic factors may account for 40–70% of the variance in liability to addiction. Alcohol consumption by young people, especially in the form of binge-drinking, is becoming an alarming phenomenon predictive of future problems wit
Background: Adolescent pregnancy and associated neonatal mortality are major global health challenges. In low-income settings where 90% of the 21 million global adolescent pregnancies occur, half are unintended and a fifth experience unsafe abortion. In Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania, the survival patterns of neonates born to adolescents are unclear.Objectives: To assess survival patterns among neona
Tundra soils account for 50% of global stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC), and it is expected that the amplified climate warming in high latitude could cause loss of this SOC through decomposition. Decomposed SOC could become hydrologically accessible, which increase downstream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export and subsequent carbon release to the atmosphere, constituting a positive feedback
The synthesis of model and observational information using data assimilation can improve our understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle, a key component of the Earth's climate-carbon system. Here we provide a data assimilation framework for combining observations of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and a process-based model to improve estimates of terrestrial carbon uptake or gross
Health plays an essential role for human and economic development. This thesis consists of four independent empirical papers on health and health care in developing countries. The first paper investigates the relationship between globalization, democracy, and child health in low- and middle-income countries. Using panel data for 70 developing countries between 1970 and 2009 we examine how globaliz
The springtime transition to regional-scale onset of photosynthesis and net ecosystem carbon uptake in boreal and tundra ecosystems are linked to the soil freeze-thaw state. We present evidence from diagnostic and inversion models constrained by satellite fluorescence and airborne CO2 from 2012 to 2014 indicating the timing and magnitude of spring carbon uptake in Alaska correlates with landscape
