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Arsenic is carcinogenic, possibly partly through epigenetic mechanisms. We evaluated the effects of arsenic exposure and metabolism on DNA methylation. Arsenic exposure and methylation efficiency in 202 women in the Argentinean Andes were assessed from concentrations of arsenic metabolites in urine (inorganic arsenic, methylarsonic acid [MMA], and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA]), measured by HPLC-ICPM
Dispersal limitation and long-term persistence are known to delay plant species’ responses to habitat fragmentation, but it is still unclear to what extent landscape history may explain the distribution of dispersal traits in present-day plant communities. We used quantitative data on long-distance seed dispersal potential by wind and grazing cattle (epi- and endozoochory), and on persistence (adu
Background The perception of surgery as expensive and complex might be a barrier to its widespread acceptance in global health efforts. We did a systematic review and analysis of cost-effectiveness studies that assess surgical interventions in low-income and middle-income countries to help quantify the potential value of surgery. Methods We searched Medline for all relevant articles published betw
AIMS: Atrial fibrillation cycle lengths can be assessed from right precordial ECG leads and the unipolar oesophageal ECG using a non-invasive method called Frequency Analysis of Fibrillatory ECG. The purpose of this report is to present the results from application of this method in a large group of patients with long-term atrial fibrillation and to examine the differences between patients with 'c
Changes in the ward atmosphere of a psychiatric work rehabilitation unit were investigated. Both trainees and staff filled in the Community-Oriented Programs Environment Scale (COPES) before and after a new rehabilitation model was implemented. It was hypothesised that the levels of autonomy and practical orientation would increase from both the trainees' and staff's perspective concerning the rea
Silver birch and common oak are known to be sensitive to standard practices in nurseries and they often show poor establishment when transplanted in urban areas. Lifting date and time in cold storage have a strong influence on stress tolerance and plant vitality. This study was carried out to assess the effect of lifting date and storage time on partial photosynthesis measured by chlorophyll fluor
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) mainly affects renal arteries. Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) and surgery are effective treatments, but longtime follow-up is lacking. Retrospective follow-up for 7.0 +/- 4.7 years of 69 consecutive patients ( age 44 +/- 13 years) treated for hypertension due to FMD, 59 patients underwent PTRA and eight patients surgery. In two patients no PTRA was
Aim:The aim was to analyse any associations between socio-demographic and psychosocial factors and different features of the metabolic syndrome in a geographically well-defined population of middle-aged women. Methods:A population of 10 766 Caucasian women aged 50-59 years was investigated regarding biological and socio-demographic conditions, physical activity, dietary habits, aspects of quality
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Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs) constitute a crucial vehicle in delivering infrastructure. In the transport sector the primary project sponsors are construction companies, which over the last few decades have transformed to strong international actors. In order to study growth strategies stemming from the PPP agreement, a conceptual game theoretic model built on four institutional rationalitiesPublic–Private Partnerships (PPPs) constitute a crucial vehicle in delivering infrastructure. In the transport sector the primary project sponsors are construction companies, which over the last few decades have transformed to strong international actors. In order to study growth strategies stemming from the PPP agreement, a conceptual game theoretic model built on four institutional rationalities
Background: There are currently no methods in clinical use that can detect early systemic dissemination of urothelial tumor cells. Objective: To evaluate measurement of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a biomarker for disseminated disease in patients with advanced bladder cancer. Design, setting, and participants: Between March 2013 and October 2015, 88 patients were prospectively included in the
Northern ecosystems are experiencing some of the most dramatic impacts of global change on Earth. Rising temperatures, hydrological intensification, changes in atmospheric acid deposition and associated acidification recovery, and changes in vegetative cover are resulting in fundamental changes in terrestrial-aquatic biogeochemical linkages. The effects of global change are readily observed in alt
The NDVI is a remotely sensed vegetation index that is frequently used in ecological studies. There is, however, a lack of studies that evaluate the ability of the NDVI to detect fine-scale variation in grassland plant community composition and species richness. Ellenberg indicators characterize the environmental preferences of plant species—and community-mean Ellenberg values have been used to ex
The effect of 5% low-methoxylated pectin, high-methoxylated pectin, and guar gum on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine initiation of colon cancer was investigated using groups of 30 rats. The growth of the rats in the different groups was very similar to that of control group fed a fiber-free diet. Both kinds of pectin increased the multiplicity of color tumors, whereas guar gum did not significantly influence
AbstractOverweight and obesity are more common among adult people with mobility disability (MD). Epidemiological studies are sparse in Sweden when it comes to the prevalence of MD and weight, differences between people with MD compared to those without MD, as well as the association to HRQoL. In addition, general guidelines in obesity prevention and treatment adapted to people with MD are lacking
Objective: The authors sought to determine whether pregnancy is an intrinsic motivator for cessation of drug abuse. Method: The authors conducted prospective cohort, corelative, co-spouse, and within-person analyses of registration for drug abuse during pregnancy among Swedish women born between 1980 and 1990 who gave birth between ages 20 and 35 (N=149,512). Drug abuse was assessed from medical,
Increases in the terrestrial export of dissolved organic carbon (C) to rivers may be associated with additional loading of organic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to the coastal zone. However, little is known about how these resources interact in the regulation of heterotrophic bacterioplankton metabolism in boreal coastal ecosystems. Here, we measured changes in bacterioplankton production (BP) a
Numerous current efforts seek to improve the representation of ecosystem ecology and vegetation demographic processes within Earth System Models (ESMs). These developments are widely viewed as an important step in developing greater realism in predictions of future ecosystem states and fluxes. Increased realism, however, leads to increased model complexity, with new features raising a suite of eco
In 2010, the first, and so far only, infestation of the Hungarian spruce scale (Physokermes inopinatus) and accompanying sooty mould occurred in Scania, southernmost Sweden. About 1000 ha of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were affected, and the trees suffered from the sucking of the insects as well as from the dense sooty mould that covered the needles. Salvage cuttings were carried out in many of th
