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Abstract The objective of this investigation was to characterise the immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive effects of single drug treatment and the potential synergistic or additive effects of combined treatment with the focus on ciprofloxacin, thalidomide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide or leflunomide added to cyclosporin A (CyA). A rat cardiac transplant model was used to
Cryogels have potential for applications in water and wastewater treatment. However, maximum levels of exposure to both incorporated materials in cryogels (i.e., nanoparticles [NPs]) and monomers, as a result of leakage, must be established before cryogel composites can be implemented in the large-scale treatment of water. Other factors, such as cost and reuse, must also be studied for each specif
Aims To identify areas in need of quality improvement by investigating inpatients' perceptions of quality of care, and to identify differences in perceptions of care related to patient gender, age and type of admission. Background Nursing managers play an important role in the development of high-quality care. Methods Quality of care was assessed using the Quality from the Patients' Perspective (Q
ContextBreastfeeding rates and durations have been increasing among American women in recent decades, but a consequence of these trends is that women may be more likely to practice breastfeeding during pregnancy (BDP). BDP has been hypothesized to increase the risk of miscarriage, yet there has been little research investigating if this is the case.MethodsUsing data on 10,661 pregnancies from the
Molecular studies have contributed greatly to our understanding of evolutionary processes that act upon virtually every aspect of living organisms. However, these studies are limited with regard to extinct organisms, particularly those from the Mesozoic because fossils pose unique challenges to molecular workflows, and because prevailing wisdom suggests no endogenous molecular components can persi
Label: Proprius PRCD 2083
High salt concentration has been shown to induce increased electrochemical stability in organic solvent-based electrolytes. Accompanying the change in bulk properties is a structural ordering on mesoscopic length scales and changes in the ion transport mechanism have also been suggested. Here we investigate the local structure and dynamics in highly concentrated acetonitrile electrolytes as a func
Low-molecular weight chemical compounds have a longstanding history as drugs. Target specificity and binding efficiency represent major obstacles for small molecules to become clinically relevant. Protein kinases are attractive cellular targets; however, they are challenging because they present one of the largest protein families and share structural similarities. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), a
A model is established that describes stress driven diffusion, resulting in formation and growth of an expanded precipitate at the tip of a crack. The new phase is transversely isotropic. A finite element method is used and the results are compared with a simplified analytical theory. A stress criterium for formation of the precipitate is derived by direct integration of the Einstein-Smoluchowski
How do early-life conditions affect adult mortality? Research has yielded mixed evidence about the influence of infant and child mortality in birth cohorts on adult health and mortality. Studies rarely consider the specific role of mortality within the family. We estimated how individuals’ exposure to mortality as a child is related to their adult mortality risk between ages 18 and 85 in two histo
The principal question we ask in this study is to what extent structural characteristics in the entrepreneurship eco-system surrounding incubators influence the likelihood that women may engage in the commercialization of university science by becoming incubatees. We embed our arguments in institutional theory and develop hypotheses related to (1) the share of female faculty at the closest univers
Jellyfish belong to one of the oldest extant animal phyla, the Cnidaria. The first Cnidaria appear in the fossil record 600 million years ago, preceeding the Cambrian explosion. They are an extremely successful group present in all marine environments and some freshwater environments. In contrast to many animal phyla in which vision is a primary sense Cnidarians do not, generally, employ image for
Ancient Italic terracottas were painted before or after firing depending on their function, as suggested by previous analyses. However, concerning the votive terracottas, there seems to have been no anlayses carried out, suggesting either a fired or non fired paint. Methods and problems associated with an ongoing research on some votive terracottas from Tessennano in Southern Etruria are considere
The present report is about the fourth experiment in a series of five. This series concerns a longitudinal study of changing shapes of mind. Based on the assumption that mind is an emergent property of the processes that produce natural language expressions, mental development is discoverable through the Agent-action-Objective (AaO) mechanisms. The present study is focussing on the way in which th
