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Tropical cyclones influence processes within the carbon cycle on different time-scales. Forested ecosystems suffer windfall and long-term impacts from tropical cyclones, leading to the release of CO2 to the atmosphere. The coarse woody debris created by extreme wind speeds and landslides brought on by tropical cyclones can leave a forested ecosystem via riverine channels and end up in the ocean, w
Present, accurate, and reliable estimation of mangrove forests in Bangladesh is limited. Former estimation of mangroves extent and density has been more or less restricted to Sundarbans and do not represent the whole country. In this study, a time series analysis was performed using Landsat images from four epochs, namely: 1976 (Landsat MSS), 1989 (Landsat TM), 2000 (Landsat ETM+) and 2015 (Landsa
Abstract The idea of the spread of life through the galaxy is, in most minds, considered science fiction. Yet, scientists argue that most galaxies have had more than enough time for civilisation development and space travel. In this thesis I simulate how civilisations can spread through the galaxy via close encountering stars, assuming they travel at sub-relativistic speeds. A defined region arou
Its carbon sink potential as well as soil fertility benefits make organic carbon a soil variable for which reliable quantification methods are sought. This thesis work aims at investigating the possibility of adapting a large soil spectral library to build models for SOC predictions with remotely sensed, multispectral data. For this purpose, the continental-scale LUCAS topsoil database was spectra
Wine is an important cultural crop and is grown in vineyards that sometimes claim to have a unique "terroir" - a specific taste and character based on their physical attributes and location. Regulations and previously published work are not easily available, into how to measure and assess this terroir. It is important for countries such as Sweden to have a terroir assessment system, whic
Climate change is projected to cause unprecedented levels of global change and it will alter the ways in which humans currently rely on getting essential resources such as food. Africa is considered to be the most vulnerable continent to this change, with many countries that have low economic stability and insecure food sources a change to the way resources can be accessed could be detrimental to
Determining water quantity of precipitation, spatially and temporally is fundamental for weather forecasting, applications in hydrology and meteorology, climate science and for agriculture and industry. Only satellite measurements from space are able to perform large-scale measurements covering both, ocean and land. In order to prove the reliability of the satellite data for application, but also
By storing carbon in the biosphere, forests are mitigating climate change. Primary forests have been found to have the potential to store large amounts of carbon, but no studies on carbon storage in Swedish primary forests have been published. This study shows that Swedish primary forests store more carbon in biomass than surrounding secondary forests in the majority of cases and on average. The r
The effects of a change of environment on water kefir’s microbial diversity was studied by splitting up two existing cultures (stem 1 and stem 2) among several households and culturing them for three weeks using the same method and ingredients. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used on the 16S rRNA gene to identify bacterial families, genera and strains. Sphingomonadaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Ace
A map is a combinatorial presentation of map objects and labels providing users with sufficient and useful information. Text placement is the most time-consuming and cumbersome work in a map production process, and many methods have been proposed to automate this process. However, text placement evaluation lacks exploration, especially when artificial intelligence (AI) methods are experiencing pro
Background and aim: Gross primary production (GPP) is the largest global carbon (C) flux and an important component for counteracting anthropogenic CO2 emissions, understanding vegetation dynamics, and sustaining universal human standards. Africa plays a prominent role in the global C cycle, though our understanding of GPP dynamics is largely hampered by a paucity of ground-based observations. By
Automatic label placement on maps has been studied for many decades. This study has addressed the problem of automatic label placement by applying the labelling library PAL for labelling static, large scale city maps which the map company T-Kartor produces. Label placement rules were acquired from an interview with a person from the company. These rules were then applied on the labelling. The aim
Extreme heat can lead to a significant increase in mortality, especially for urban citizens. Densification of urban areas can dramatically affect the local climate of the city by replacing green areas with impermeable materials and changing both radiative and turbulent fluxes. The assessment of the thermal comfort in urban areas is an important consideration for local municipalities to mitigate zo
Quantification using the Centiloid (CL) scale has become a valuable information to consider when interpreting amyloid-PET images and is now implemented in several software packages. This work aims to assess the comparability of CL from [18F]flutemetamol scans derived using several research and commercial quantification pipelines. Methods: This analysis relies on three datasets: a test-retest cohor
This report presents findings from a case study on food sharing in Utrecht conducted within the CULTIVATE project (Co-designing Food Sharing Innovation for Resilience, https:// cultivate-project.eu/), funded by the EU Horizon Research and Innovation Programme (GA#101083377). It contributes to Task 3.1 in Work Package (WP) 3, examining the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of food shar
The last decades have shown increased nitrogen leeching from soil to water recipients. This is in Sweden mainly due to over-manuring of agriculture land, effectivization of drainage systems and the declining extent of wetlands. The accumulated amount of nitrogen in water doesn’t only make it unsuitable for use by humans and cattle, but also decreases the biological diversity as well as negatively
The relationship between field measurements of vegetation in a semi arid region and NDVI from the 1 km NOAA AVHRR was investigated within this study. The Hoanib catchment in the northwestern Namibia was chosen as study area. The field measurements were carried out during the month of February 1999. Different NDVI values and combinations of NDVI were used and it was found that the integrated NDVI u
At the end of August 1999, the local government council of Malmö city decided that the area known as Kvarteret Bilen would be made available for the European Housing Exhibition 2001 (Bo01-mässan). Kvarteret Bilen extends over approximately 80 hectars and includes the western parts of the Western Harbour area (Västra hamnen) of Malmö. Kvarteret Bilen as a whole, but especially the western sections
The aim with this thesis was to investigate the land surface model used in DAYCENT. Through comparing the simulated soil moisture and soil temperature results with observed data, at the depth of 30 and 60 cm at the Demokeya site in semiarid Sudan, it was possible to evaluate the model. The ecosystem model uses soil texture data, land management information, and daily weather data to simulate plant
Vomb meadows is an area well knows for its rich bird life. During the 19:th century until mid 20:th century, the meadows were flooded annually in order to increase the hay yield. The river Klingavälsån situated along the west side of the meadows, used to be a shallow river, meandering across the landscape. In the 1940’s the river was straightened and made deeper. This was done in purpose of draini
