Sökresultat

The pollen grains of ragweed are important aeroallergens that have the potential to be transported long distances through the air. The arrival of ragweed pollen in Nordic countries from the Pannonian Plain can occur when certain conditions are met, which this study aims to describe for the first time. Atmospheric ragweed pollen concentrations were collected at 16 pollen-monitoring sites. Other fac

The mixing process in a Lightnin Series 45 static mixer, 40 mm in diameter, has been investigated using computational fluid dynamics and the volume of fluid (VOF) method, a method developed for immiscible fluids but here used for miscible. The mixing process was investigated for two liquids that had viscosities ranging from 0.003 to 51.2 Pa s, and the volumetric flow rate proportion between the li

Advancing the understanding of the aerosol-capture efficiencies of forest components such as leaves and needles, and of the mechanisms that underpin these efficiencies, is essential to the many related issues of forest turnover of nutrients and pollutants. For idealized collectors (such as artificial plates or cylinders) aerosol-mechanics offers a means for calculating capture efficiencies. For li

The Arctic cryosphere is a critically important component of the earth system, affecting the earth's energy balance, sea level, greenhouse gases and atmospheric circulation, transport of heat through ocean circulation, ecology and human resource use and well-being. The Arctic cryosphere is, however, changing rapidly with multiple important consequences that will potentially affect the earth system

The proportions of newborns with a birth weight (BW) >4,000 g and of macrosomic newborns (BW >4,500 g) have increased during the last two decades, parallel with an increasing maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and age at the time for pregnancy. Delivery of a large fetus, especially >4,500 g might cause perinatal complications for both the mother and her child. The aims of this work were

The difficulty of obtaining accurate information about the canopy structure is a current limitation towards higher accuracy in numerical predictions of the wind field in forested terrain. The canopy structure in computational fluid dynamics is specified through the frontal area density and this information is required for each grid point in the three-dimensional computational domain. By using raw

Northern peatlands hold large amounts of organic carbon (C) in their soils and are as such important in a climate change context. Blanket bogs, i.e. nutrient-poor peatlands restricted to maritime climates, may be extra vulnerable to global warming since they require a positive water balance to sustain their moss dominated vegetation and C sink functioning. This study presents a 4.5 year record of

In this review, starch behavior is described from molecules in solution to the use of starch in products. The determination of molecular characteristics with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation is described, and the behavior of starch in binary solutions is discussed. The organization of starch in granules and the changes in organization during gelatinization and retrogradation are then des

Whole strawberries were vacuum infused with cryoprotectants to improve their freezing tolerance. The strawberries were infused with 12 g/100 g trehalose solution; 0.2 g/100 g cold-acclimated wheatgrass solution (AWWE) containing antifreeze protein (AFP) or combination of 12 g/100 g trehalose with 0.2 g/100 g AWWE under vacuum for 14 mm. The fruits were frozen in liquid nitrogen and thawed at room

A simulation model for emulsification in High Pressure Homogenization (HPH), based on a population balance approach, is developed assuming it to be controlled by three simultaneous processes; fragmentation, coalescence and adsorption of a macromolecular emulsifier. The aim is to investigate the implications of adding a set of models together; studying the effects of dynamics, size effects and proc

Tenderness of beef M. Sternomandibularis was tough when cooked from both raw, and when previously heated (60 degrees C, 20 min), whereas a significant improvement in tenderness was achieved when pressure-heat (P-H) treated Muscle (200 MPa, 60 degrees C, 20 min) was cooked. In order to determine the mechanism for this improvement, connective tissue, myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins, were sepa

Peatland soils store substantial amounts of organic matter (OM). During peat formation, easily decomposable OM is preferentially lost and more recalcitrant moieties accumulate. In a peat profile, OM quality thus scales with depth. Drainage and ongoing climate change poses the risk of rapid OM loss when formerly anoxic peat layers oxidize. During peat decomposition, deeper, more recalcitrant peat i

This study set out to examine why agricultural production in differing agro-ecological zones of the same country responds differently to a common environmental event (an extension of the rainy season). We find that the heavy reliance of farmers in the drier agro-ecological zones on seasonal cycles make them more vulnerable to an extension of the rainy season than those in regions where rainfall is

Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between diet cost and adherence to nutritional recommendations among consumers in general. This has adverse effects on diet and health inequality. It could be hypothesized that consumers knowledgeable in nutrition escape this correlation.

In this study we investigate the effect of programmed cross-flows on the error in the hydrodynamic radii (r(h)) determination with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF). Three different standard polystyrene particles (nominal radii of 30 and 40 and 50nm) are fractionated with exponentially and linearly decaying cross-flows with different decay rates. Hydrodynamic radii are calculate

We studied the similarities and differences between Brazilian Spiritistic mediums and North American dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients. Twenty-four mediums selected among different Spiritistic organizations in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were interviewed using the Dissociative Disorder Interview Schedule, and their responses were compared with those of DID patients described in the literature.

Attention is drawn to the feasibility of using high sensitivity isothermal heat conduction calorimetry to study metabolic responses of differently processed and stored fresh-cut fruit. The heat production of endogenous (tissue metabolism during 12 h of analysis at 10 degrees C for kiwifruit and strawberry) and exogenous (microbial growth during 18 d of analysis at 10 degrees C for cantaloupe) biol

Metalworking fluid (MWF) aerosols are associated with respiratory disorders including asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The aims of this study were to describe exposure to inhalable MWF aerosols and volatile compounds in machine shops, to estimate the influence of important determinants of exposure and to compare different sampling techniques for MWF aerosols. Personal full-shift air sample

ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission has been designed to extend our knowledge of the Earth's water cycle. Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity records brightness temperatures at the L-band, which over land are sensitive to soil and vegetation parameters. On the basis of these measurements, soil moisture and vegetation opacity data sets have been derived operationally since 2009 for a