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The three-dimensional structure of the major birch pollen allergen, the 17,500 M(r) acidic protein Bet v 1 (from the birch, Betula verrucosa), is presented as determined both in the crystalline state by X-ray diffraction and in solution by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This is the first experimentally determined structure of a clinically important inhalant major allergen, estimate

Ethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass using steam pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. The sugar yields, from both hemicellulose and cellulose are critical parameters for an economically-feasible ethanol production process. This study shows that a hear-theoretical glucose yield (96-104%) from acid-catalysed steam pretreated corn stover can be obtained if x

Growth and metabolic activities of Bacillus cereus were found to cause the extraction of iron atoms from the octahedral position in mica in the kaolin sample (49%) and in the quartz sands sample (17%) after 3 months of bioleaching, while aluminium removal was only 5%. Mica destruction was detected in kaolin and quartz sands samples by X-ray diffraction analysis and also by i.r. adsorption spectros

We have recently demonstrated, that DNA ejection from bacteriophage I can be partially or completely suppressed in vitro by external osmotic pressure. This suggests that DNA ejection from phage is driven by an internal mechanical force consisting of DNA bending and DNA-DNA electrostatic repulsion energies. In the present work we investigate the extent to which DNA ejection is incomplete at zero os

In Study 1 (N = 120), pictures of violent behavior taking place within or between ethnic groups were rated under different instructions. A strong cross-over effect was found: interracial violence was reported as relatively more threatening under the instruction that the study concerned anxiety, whereas violence among Whites was reported as more threatening under the instruction that the study conc

The structures of N-t-butyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)benzylammoniumchloride and N-t-butyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)benzylaminediacetatepalladium(II) have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The Pd-complex was prepared by treating palladiumdiacetate with N-t-butyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)benzylamine in CH2Cl2 for 4 h at room temperature. The organic compound crystallises in the monoclinic space group P2

The research applies media discourse analysis and late modernity theory to the social construction of the transnational Oresund Region between the South of Sweden and East of Denmark. Based on interviews with PR sources and journalists, analysis of newspaper texts and opinion polls, the study found that despite trans-national aims the region is mainly constructed through Swedish or Danish national

In balance clinic practice, phobic postural vertigo is a term used to define a population with dizziness and avoidance behavior often as a consequence of a vestibular disorder. It has been described as the most common form of dizziness in middle aged patients in dizziness units. Anxiety disorders are common among patients with vestibular disorders. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an effective trea

The diphosphine cis-1,3-bis[(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl]cyclohexane (2) has been synthesised and its complexation in palladium chemistry has been investigated. Ligand 2 is capable of tricoordination, for instance as demonstrated by an X-ray crystal structure determination of the complex [Pd(2)I], and it is a rare example of a PC(sp(3))P pincer ligand. A catalytic study of the Heck reaction reve

We report on the visualization of the penetration of sunscreen formulations containing TiO2 nanoparticles (about 20 nm primary particle size) into hair follicles of both human and porcine skin using the complementary methods of ion microscopy (PIXE, RBS, STIM) and autoradiography. Particles were found as deep as approx. 400 pin in the follicle, obviously introduced mechanically rather than by a di

In this study, we introduce the architecture and style of sedimentation of two outwash fans in front of the Myrdalsjokull ice cap, central south Iceland, that broaden different types of ice-marginal sedimentation. At Kotlujokull, a southeastern outlet of the ice cap, fan formation was monitored from the late 1970s to 2002; thus, the style of sedimentation is well understood and the relationship to

Both stearic acid and methyl stearate chemisorbs onto an oxide surface of aluminum with an asymmetric coordination of the carboxylate group as concluded from infrared (IR) spectroscopy data. Similarities in the IR spectra of the films from the two compounds suggest that the ester is bonded in the same way as the acid, and that the ester therefore undergoes hydrolysis during the surface reaction. X

This thesis, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of why Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina fear a Bosniak-dominated state, is a response to development efforts of the international community to democratize Bosnian-Herzegovinian society, generate a shared sense of nationhood among all citizens and speed up its path towards Euro-Atlantic integrations. With the use of conceptual framework, t

Some previous attempts to draw research on social constructs as if they are operating in a vacuum were missing some valuable information and could not provide deep insights into the matter. As this, contextual sensitivity, approach is not yet popular in network research, we adopt this stance to provide valuable insights into knowledge sharing in complex interorganizational networks. The empirical

The objective of the present study is to outline, generate, and evaluate a series of tests, which pertains to establish if there is a relationship between speech intelligibility and presence of dead regions. An extensive speech test was constructed using low-pass and band-pass filtered City University of New York- sentences (CUNY's) and vowelconsonat- vowel-utterances (VCV's). Furthermore,

Plants need light to convert earbon dioxide to organic compounds, but when exposed to too much light the photosynthetic machinery takes damage. This is prevented by conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, which participate in a process that converts the excess light into heat. The conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin is done by the enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase. VDE from spinach have bee