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Metal contamination of lakes can bring negative effects to aquatic biota, and to the general health of the ecosystem. Urban discharge is a known source of common metals. In cold regions, snow disposal sites further enhances the risk of contaminating recipient lakes, due to accumulation of pollutants. The importance of this source is poorly known and is further investigated in this study. Metal con
Popular summary Estuarine eutrophication, the systemic limitation of oxygen in a body of water, has been increasingly monitored and scrutinized as an environmental concern needing acute and long term remediation efforts. The roots of eutrophication are largely attributed to anthropic sources within the watershed, sources that are products of modern civilization; such as agricultural and urban poll
Popular summary The environmental and social consequences of predicted climate change are expected to be amplified in urban environments due to their elevated temperatures, which are attributable to a phenomenon known as the Urban Heat Island. As most types of vegetation can provide for cooler air temperatures due to their natural cooling effect, increasing amounts of vegetation in urban areas mig
Scientific summary Satellite imagery has been used to produce highly accurate land cover maps, even effectively discriminating between vegetation types. While land cover classification based on differences in pixel values in one or more spectral bands is an effective way of mapping large areas, the coarse resolution of freely available satellite images is not suitable for mapping urban environment
Popular summary Energy generation from renewable sources is one of the main issues to be solved for the 21st century. One of the most advanced technologies currently available is wind energy, which has a large potential onshore and offshore. However, in many cases wind energy is restricted to large wind parks with wind power plants sometimes exceeding heights of 100 m. The construction of large wi
Slope failure has resulted in significant disruption to the Scottish road network in recent years and failure processes are widely considered to pose a very real risk to both infrastructure and road users. The manifestation of proposed regional climate variations could increase the hazard posed by landslide and debris flow activity within upland environments. It is therefore in the interests of de
Time-geography is one of the earliest analytical perspectives to study human activities and movements in space-time. With the increasing availability of geo-referenced individual level data and more powerful computational capabilities, more and more studies are implementing time-geographical constructs in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This research evaluates the importance of different v
Power supply is a social necessity, and will so continue to be in the near future. Therefore, safe and steady deliverance of power supply is a fundamental duty of the societies and the preparedness of the vulnerability of the infrastructures is highly prioritized. The power supply comprises every component needed for transmission of electrical power from generation to consumption, power transform
This study aims to evaluate the usability of ecotope maps to predict aquatic ecological consequences of floodplain landscape changes. If successful, this method will be applied to evaluate ecological rehabilitation measures that will be carried out in order to improve the ecological status of the large river plains. Ecological value is reflected in indicator metrics for fish, aquatic vegetation, a
Cultural heritage tourism is regarded as one avenue that can be used to stimulate the economic viability of an area; this is strongly believed by the tourism proponents in the parish of Manchester, Jamaica. With a lagging economy, and various studies done in the area, there has been no significant movement by policy makers towards implementing a sustainable tourism product, much to the ire of the
South Africa is a water-scarce country that is expected to face challenges regarding freshwater resources in the future. This study aimed to identify the land cover in two different catchments and to analyse the water quality in relation to land cover data. The study shows that GIS and remote sensing can be successfully used as a tool in classifying land cover over time in order to use the results
The purpose of this study has been to test if GIS based methods calibrated with limited local data can be used to determine the origin and quantity of phosphorus transport to and within a small eutrophic lake, and to assess the effects of this transport on the lake water quality. The lake studied is Lake Flaten in Salem municipality, Sweden. The objectives have been achieved by delineating catchme
There are many signs indicating a climate change, which will affect us globally as well as locally. One of the most obvious effects in Scandinavia is the threatening sea level rise. The sea level rise will affect huge parts of Sweden’s coastal areas. Especially vulnerable is the Falsterbo peninsula in southwest of Scania, Sweden. The low surroundings already today suffer from short term coastal fl
Spurred on by pressure to find sustainable energy production alternatives to fossil fuels, many industries have been acquiring land in order to plant crops for biofuel production. In Tanzania, biofuel development is in an early stage, and over the last decade, several foreign actors have tried to start up biofuel projects in the country (without success). Land acquisitions are seen by many as a fo
Land degradation has already been treated as one of the most serious problem all around the world. This study is a GIS-based time series study which devotes to calculate annual soil loss value, seek for soil erosion trends linked with precipitation and land use in Manafwa micro-catchment, Mount Elgon region, Uganda. Two different versions of Revised Universal Soil loss Equation (RUSLE) are impleme
The Netherlands has experienced a rapid rate of land use change from 2000 to 2008. Land use change is especially urban expansion and open agriculture reduction which is due to enhanced economic growth. This thesis reports an investigation into the application of remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and statistical methods to provide quantitative information on the effect of land us
The high small-scale diversity of plant species in semi-natural grasslands can be seen as a function of environmental conditions and land use history. This study explores the potential of using Worldview-2 spectral imagery and accessible GIS data to identify a set of vegetation characteristics known to influence biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands. Field sampling was done in 52 grassland sites
The Sahel lies in the semi-arid zone of North Africa between the Sahara Desert to the north and the savannas and rainforest to the south. In the Sahel, the variability of vegetation growth is predominately controlled by moisture reception in the concurrent rainy season. The inter-annual variability of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) during the rainy season (April to August) can be ex
The Scanian Economic-Demographic Database (SEDD) has been assembled by the Centre for Economic Demography (CED), Lund University. It contains information about the demographic and economic conditions of people that have lived in 5 parishes in Scania from the 17th century until the present. The SEDD database has been integrated with geographic data, which are digitized from four independent histori
Popular science Carbon cycle has great importance in all time scales for its inter-connected relation and response with climate system. Increased anthropogenic emission of CO2 is alleged to impact the climate system in the future, which will affect the feedback between carbon cycle and climate change. In this project, a climate-carbon cycle feedback analysis has been conducted by using long simula
