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Plants of Pinus spp. were grown in observation chambers with the mycorrhizal fungi Suillus bovinus, Pisolithus tinctorius or Paxillus involutus. After interconnecting mycelial systems had developed between plants, individual hosts in some chambers of each species were fed with 14CO2. Mycelia from radioactively labelled and unlabelled chambers were harvested and their carbohydrates were extracted,
Early signal relay steps upon ligand binding to the receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3, i.e. sites of Flt3 autophosphorylation and subsequent docking partners, are mainly unresolved. By immunoprecipitation of specific tryptic peptides contained in the juxtamembrane region of human Flt3 and subsequent radiosequencing we identified the tyrosine residues 572, 589, 591 and 599 as in vivo autophosphorylatio
Non-state actors have been increasingly engaged in regulation, operating and setting rules outside of, and parallel to, existing legal institutions. These “alternative to legal rules” have been increasingly influential in domestic law and policy, with growing evidence of them penetrating legal, professional, as well as social orders. This thesis adopts the case of sustainability assurance to analy
Bacterial density and the hyphal density of Verticillium dahliae were determined along the roots of sand-grown rape seedlings. Verticillium dahliae microsclerotia were trapped in nylon nets which were placed in front of the growing root tip. The growing hyphae on the nets were stained with fluorescein diacetate and rhodamine B isothiocyanate. Bacteria on the petri dish lids adjacent to the nets we
The synthesis of two galabioside (Golalpha1-4Gal) collections based on diversification at the O-1 and O-3' atoms is reported. The galabiosides were evaluated as inhibitors of hemagglutination of human erythrocytes by two strains of Escherichia coli that expressed the class I and class II PapG adhesins, respectively. The class I adhesin. was found to prefer aromatic substituents both at the O-1 and
Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive tumor with metastatic potential. We performed cytogenetic analysis on 10 1 GCTB from 92 patients. Karyotypes were obtained from 95 tumors, 47 of which had clonal aberrations. The majority of the cytogenetically abnormal GCTB had multiple, up to 28 per tumor, clones. Clonal telomeric associations (tas) and other structural and numer
Type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD) is characterized by a personal and family history of bleeding coincident with reduced levels of normal plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF). The molecular basis of the disorder is poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine phenotype and genotype and their relationship in patients historically diagnosed with type 1 VWD. Families were recruited in 9
Tobacco smoking has been classified as a cause of cervical cancer, but the effect of different patterns of smoking on risk is unclear. The International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer has brought together and combined individual data on 13,541 women with and 23,017 women without cervical carcinoma, from 23 epidemiological studies. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidenc
In an attempt to identify subtypes of breast cancer and pinpoint patterns of cell cycle regulatory defects associated with clinical behaviour, proliferation and other transformation associated events, a multitude of cell cycle regulatory proteins were analysed in a material of 113 primary breast cancers. Increased proliferation was observed in two different scenarios; (1) with high cyclin D1 and e
Lectotypes are designated for 174 names of taxa described based on material from the Swedish province of Dalarna and accepted to belong to Hieracium sect. Hieracium, sect. Bifida and sect. Vulgata. The taxonomic and nomenclatural implications, i.e. taxonomic synonyms and infraspecific taxa not worthy of taxonomic recognition, of the lectotypifications are discussed. Three new combinations, H. mund
Post-translational modifications are associated with certain autoimmune diseases. For example, in the initial steps of coeliac disease (CD), transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) catalyzes a post-translational deamidation of specific glutamine residues in dietary gluten, resulting in antibodies against both modified gliadin and against TG2. Anti-TG2 has become a specific biomarker for CD. In rheumatoid ar
Over the past fifteen years, Rwanda has made significant progress in formalizing mining rights and the production processes of 3Ts minerals in its artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector. However, labour relations remain largely unregulated. This study analyses ASM activities through the production process observations, document reviews, and interviews with key informants involved in the sec
A new synthetic absorbent, sylopute was applied for the purification of paclitaxel from plant cell cultures and yew tree. There was selective absorption of impurities in the treatment of sylopute. Therefore, higher purity paclitaxel could be obtained simply in the following process with a higher yield than with active clay or activated carbon. The purity of crude paclitaxel after sylopute treatmen
We present the data from the Insect Biome Atlas project (IBA), characterizing the terrestrial arthropod faunas of Sweden and Madagascar. Over 12 months, Malaise trap samples were collected weekly (biweekly or monthly in the winter, when feasible) at 203 locations within 100 sites in Sweden and weekly at 50 locations within 33 sites in Madagascar; this was complemented by soil and litter samples fr
