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Exacerbations present a major clinical problem in many patients suffering from COPD. Roflumilast, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, has beneficial effects in several clinical trials and is currently widely used to prevent exacerbations in severe COPD. Roflumilast has anti-inflammatory properties that may interfere with potentially important host defense functions, including cytotoxic properties

Starting out from Max Weber's "The Protestant Ethic" the article focuses on a number of authors – David Riesman, William H. Whyte, Daniel Bell and Pekka Himanen – who have used that book as a reference point in their endeavours to capture the spirit of their time. Key themes in the article are ways of life, the formation of social character and charcterological struggle.

Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma (CAF) is a soft tissue neoplasm with a predilection for the hands and feet in children and adolescents. Its molecular basis is unknown. We used chromosome banding analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq), RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to characterize a series of CAFs. An insertion ins(2;4)(q35;q25q?) was identified in the index

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate different biomarkers of exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), a widely used industrial chemical. For this purpose, differences in toxicokinetics between men and women and between pure and water-mixed NMP were evaluated after dermal absorption. METHODS: Six female and six male volunteers (groups 1 and 2) were topically exposed for 6 hours to 300

Maternal S-cortisol levels increase throughout pregnancy and peak in the third trimester. Even higher levels are seen during the physical stress of delivery. Since analgesia for women in labor has improved, it is possible that maternal stress during labor is reduced. The aim of this study was to compare maternal S-cortisol during vaginal delivery and elective cesarean section.

New Information Systems Development Methodologies (ISDMs) are suggested in the belief that their deployment would be beneficial to consultants in their work. A large number of ISDMs already exist but their value has been questioned and at the same time new methodologies continue to be introduced in an attempt to support and improve the practice of information systems development work. What is not

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to describe the view of age-related prioritisation in health care among physicians and healthcare politicians and to compare their views regarding gender and age. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Swedish physicians (n=390) and politicians (n=310), mean age 52 years, answered an electronic questionnaire concerning age-related priority setting in healthcare. The questio

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence and outcomes of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (ALGIB) in a population-based setting and examine the role of drugs potentially associated with GIB. METHODS: The study was prospective and population based. The cohort included all patients who underwent colonoscopy during the year 2010 at the National University Hospital of Iceland. Indications for

This review aimed at covering cancer risk trends by site and histology in first-generation and second-generation immigrants in Sweden compared with natives. In addition, we reviewed data on cancer survival in immigrants to explore factors explaining cancer survival in the entire population. The Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios and hazard ratios (HR

Since 1990, Merck, Sharpe & Dohme, Sweden, has created fellowships for physicians embarking upon a career in clinical pharmacology at Swedish medical schools. The fellowship has provided full salary at the level of a resident in clinical medicine for an average period of 1-2 years. Between 1992 and 2004, 22 fellows representing all six medical schools were selected for a fellowship. Of these,

Popular Abstract in Swedish ”Behandlingen av trafikflöde vid trafiksäkerhetsanalyser - ett icke-parametriskt angreppssätt applicerat på oskyddade trafikanter” Det finns en lång tradition av att beakta trafikflöden inom trafiksäkerhetsområdet. Inverkan av flödet har dock ofta betraktats som så självklart att det använts utan eftertanke. I denna avhandling kan jag däremot visa att relationen mellaThe treatment of flow in the area of traffic safety has a long tradition. The influence flow has on the number of accidents is, however, often considered so obvious that it tends to be trivial. In this thesis I can show that the relation between flow and accidents holds interesting information. In order to compare countermeasures, or conduct other types of traffic safety comparisons where the flo

Telomere attachment to the nuclear envelope (NE) is a prerequisite for chromosomemovement duringmeiotic prophase I that is required for pairing of homologous chromosomes, synapsis, and homologous recombination. Here we show that Speedy A, a noncanonical activator of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), is specifically localized to telomeres in prophase I male and female germ cells in mice, and plays a

Objectives: The parts of constructive alignment, i.e. learning objectives, activities and assessment are crucial for good learning outcomes. However, they must constantly be evaluated so as to verify the alignment. Our aim was to investigate if attendance to our casebased seminars in family medicine contributed to exam performance and whether gender had any impact for undergraduate students at the

Context: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is characterized by high physical and psychological burden, and therefore, more knowledge about the palliative care provided close to death is needed. Objectives: To describe symptom prevalence, relief, and management during the last week of life, as well as end-of-life communication, in patients with ESKD. Methods: This study was based on data from the Swe

Closed-loop controlled drug dosing has the potential of revolutionizing clinical anesthesia. However, interpatient variability in drug sensitivity poses a central challenge to the synthesis of safe controllers. Identifying a full individual pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PKPD) model for this synthesis is clinically infeasible due to limited excitation of PKPD dynamics and presence of unmodeled d

Objective: Atypical responses to sensory stimuli are common features of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Consequently, atypical sensory reactivity (SR) is now a diagnostic feature of ASD. Quantitative genetic research on ASD has overlooked these symptoms, however. We therefore investigated the association between autistic traits and SR using twin methods. Method: Autistic traits and SR were assess

Possible crystal structures of aluminium defects in concrete materials are tested with reactive force filed ReaxFF. The ongoing project includes further refinement of the structures by semiempirical and ab initio methods.