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We present exact algorithms with exponential running times for variants of n-element set cover problems, based on divide-and-conquer and on inclusion-exclusion characterisations. We show that the Exact Satisfiability problem of size 1 with m clauses can be solved in time 2(m)l(O(1)) and polynomial space. The same bounds hold for counting the number of solutions. As a special case, we can count the
Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a recently discovered human apolipoprotein predominantly present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and in minor proportions in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TGRLP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The gene encoding apoM is present in all mammalian genomes. The identity of the apoM gene of human, rat and mouse is over 80%. However, the (patho)physiological functions o
1. We studied vertical and horizontal distribution of macroinvertebrates within a dense stand of Chara spp. in Lake Krankesjon, southern Sweden. Invertebrates were sampled at three depths within the vegetation and at three distances from the vegetation edge during day and night in July and August. Corresponding samples of oxygen content of the water were taken. 2. The densities (number of inverteb
Eggs of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were incubated in clutches arranged to stimulate embryos to hatch earlier or later than normal. This manipulation of hatching time was achieved by combining eggs of different age in the same clutch. To ensure hatching synchrony, embryos communicate with each other during the last stage of incubation, resulti
Background Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is a promising treatment of stroke, but limited data are available regarding the safety and effectiveness of cooling methodology. We investigated the safety of TH and compared the cooling capacity of two widely used cooling strategies endovascular and surface cooling. Methods COOLAID Oresund is a bicentre randomized trial in Copenhagen (Denmark) and Malmo (S
The intestine represents the body’s largest surface exposed to the outer world and is thus a major entry site for pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The intestinal immune system has the important task of protecting us against infection while maintaining tolerance against the vast amount of commensal microbes populating the intestinal tract and the multitude of foreign antigen present in the d
Unemployment swings have distributional consequences if some groups are hit harder than others. We examine if the sensitivity to local unemployment rates varies by characteristics such as health, cognitive ability and non-cognitive ability. Data on these variables come from registers covering the entire Swedish population of males. We show that variations in the unemployment rate are associated wi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gråstarrskirurgi är en av de vanligaste kirurgiska ingreppen i Sverige med runt 90 000 operationer utförda varje år. En åldrande befolkning med ökade krav på livskvalitet och god synskärpa har lett till en ökad operationsfrekvens och fler kirurger behöver utbildas. Utbildning av nya gråstarrskirurger sker förutom ett fåtal träningstillfällen på grisar, framförallt på paCataract surgery is one of the most common surgical procedures in Sweden and around 90 000 operations are made each year. An aging population with increased demands on quality of life and good visual acuity, has led to an increased rate of surgery and more surgeons needs to be trained. Training of new cataract surgeons is done on scarce wet-lab training but mainly on patients. Training is costly a
The thesis is an attempt to contribute to a critical discussion around the discourses that characterize HIV in southern Africa in general, and in Swaziland in particular. The aim of the study is to explore and visualize the experiences of HIV-positive Swazi Christians in church and society, as well as an attempt to explain these experiences with the contributions of key informants and the Swazi tr
Segmentation is an important task in all kinds of image analysis. In medical image analysis segmentation has a great clinical value since the aim could be to localize organs or pathologies in order to raise the quality of diagnoses. This thesis consists of three papers where different segmentation techniques have been applied to different imaging modalities. In the first paper a full computer assi
The move towards fire performance-based design in building and transport regulations has led to an increased use of fire models. This increased use of these models and the evolution of different regulations have put higher demands on the predictive capability of fire models. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of different activities relating to the validation and verification of comp
We review some aspects of the investigation of surface systems with soft X-rays. Examples are presented, showing how core level spectroscopies provide detailed information on the structure, bonding and chemistry of adsorbates and thin layers on surfaces. Core level spectroscopies employed at high brilliance synchrotron light sources allow furthermore access to electron dynamics in the attosecond d
The activity of saprotrophic fungi and bacteria, and the balance between them, can affect decomposition. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are also important for the nutrient and energy transfer in soil. Microbial community composition and activity are believed to have seasonal patterns, and are known to be highly influenced by environmental factors such as pH and nutrient conditions. To evaluate
BACKGROUND: Current drugs including beta-agonists have limited smooth muscle relaxant effects on human small airways. Yet this is a major site of obstruction in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVE: This study explores human small airway relaxant effects of RESPIR 4-95, a novel chemical analogue (capsazepinoid) to capsazepine. Capsazepine was recently shown to relax s
