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BACKGROUND. Early and accurate detection of infectious respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) plays a crucial role in effective management and the reduction of preventable mortality. However, molecular diagnostic tests for these infections are expensive and not easily implementable in resource-limited settings, which suffer the majority of the burden. Lung Ultrasound (LUS) presen
A model V2O5/ anatase TiO2(101) SCR catalyst is studied with the purpose of developing and understanding the reaction mechanism through which this catalyst reduces NOx. Several reaction mechanisms have been proposed for this catalyst in the past, but there is still no agreement on which of these describe the reaction the best, if any. Two coverages of 2 ML and 0:33 ML V/ anatase TiO2 and the oxida
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate international counterterrorism efforts to estimate their costs and potential adverse effects over time. An underlying presumption of the study is that flawed counterterrorism measures to some extent are counterproductive, and building on this idea a comparison is made between the distinguishing features of the 'War on Terror' and an alternative mode
By conceiving identity as endogenously defined and construing other central political concepts according to this assumption, constructivism has proven apt to understand and explain phenomena that eariler were hard to grasp. Constructivist ideas have here been used in order to analyze the events surrounding the Single European Act as a contrast to the more conventional rationalist approach used by
Meningsfull förändring har diskuterats i flera studier, med den återkommande frågan om hur den skulle kunna konceptualiseras och bedömas för att identifiera vad som utgör meningsfull förändring och var den uppstår. Tidigare studier har genomfört statistiska analyser baserade på traditionella betygsskalor (d.v.s. PHQ-9) för att bedöma meningsfull förändring. Det finns inga bevis för att tidigare stMeaningful change has been discussed in multiple studies, with the recurring question of how it could be conceptualized and assessed to identify what determines meaningful change and where it occurs. Previous studies have conducted statistical analyses based on traditional rating scales (i.e., the PHQ-9) to assess meaningful change. There is no evidence to be found of previous studies attempting t
The overuse and accumulation of plastics in the environment are concerning and urgent challenges that need to be solved. While recycling can offer a partial solution, emerging biodegradation approaches involving microorganisms capable of breaking down complex polymers, offer a significant alternative. Microbial enzymes, in particular, have shown efficiency depolymerising synthetic polymers. Howeve
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. There are various studies about the contributing molecular mechanisms, and our recent findings show that the complement inhibitor Cd59 might play a non-canonical role in insulin secretion. Specifically, knock-out of Cd59 greatly inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This, however, can be rescued by t
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial bio polyesters that offer a promising biodegradable alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. This thesis focuses on the production and characterization of medium-chain-length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) by Pseudomonas putida using octanoic acid as a carbon source. The main aim was to optimize key bioprocess parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO),
With increasing pressure to get rid of the world’s dependence on fossil fuels to reach the world’s climate goals, the use of alternative fuels for propulsion are needed. This is a challenge for the maritime industry, where ferries have good properties to become renewable by the usage of batteries. Their routes are mostly fixed routes and with good infrastructure established at each stop, fully bat
Interactions between light and matter is one way to study both particles whose small spatial sizes render them irresolvable to our eyes and events where the characteristic time scale is too short for conventional recording and measurement techniques. The advent of free electron lasers allow laser pulses of high intensity and small temporal duration such that ultra-fast dynamics in matter systems a
Detection and extraction of vibrating objects and their frequencies can be critical in monitoring and maintenance of mechanical tools and machines. This often involves multiple contact-based equipment that require manual tampering and calibration. However, due to the availability of low-cost and low-energy consumption radars, a novel way of extracting positioning and frequency content of one or mu
Nesting phenology in birds has been studied for decades and two different breeding strategies have been identified, income and capital breeding. The nesting behaviour and the breeding strategies of 131 females were studied from three species, the Common eider (Somateria mollissima) (n = 65), known to be a capital breeder and two species the Velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) (n = 48) and the Red-brea
Introduction: Asthma, a heterogenous respiratory disease that affects 300 million people, is characterized by coughing, chest tightness, airway inflammation, and shortening of breath. Asthma exacerbations are commonly triggered by viral infection, such as rhinovirus infection. Respiratory viral infections primarily target the epithelium resulting in the release of alarmins and proinflammatory cyto
Land-use change is one of the main drivers of pollinator declines. However, studies on land-use changes in forest landscapes and their effects on pollinators are underrepresented. Canopy openings with flowering resources and old-growth forest structures can provide sufficient habitats for pollinating insects such as bees (Apiformes) and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae). However, managed forests are
In this study, the lanthanide complexes Sm(HMDS)2 (1), Yb(HMDS)2 (2), Sm(Cp*)2 (3), and Yb(Cp*)2 (4) were synthesized, and a new polymorph of 2 was identified via single- crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD). Additionally, the previously unreported Yb(III) compound [YbI2(OPPh3)4]I was discovered as a probable disproportionation product of YbI2(OPPh3)4 and characterized via 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy a
The chiral aldehydes (-)-(2S,5S)- and (-)-(2S,5R)-2-[[[dimethyl( 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl)silyl]oxy]methyl]-5-methoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbaldehyde (2 and 4) were synthesized in 60 and 15% yield, respectively, by lithium bromide induced rearrangement of 6-O-silylated methyl 2,3- and 3,4-anhydro-a- and -d-D-hexopyranosides, obtained in two steps from methyl α- and β-D-glucopyranoside. Rearrangement
α-Trinositol analogues, including methyl ethers, deoxy, oxa and aza derivatives were prepared. The parent compound possesses weak analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Removal of the non-phosphorylated hydroxyls generates a compound devoid of analgesic activity but which retains the anti-inflammatory property of the parent compound. The protection of these hydroxyls as methyl ethers lends to
Objectives. Social mentality theory outlines how specialist systems have evolved to facilitate different types of social behaviour such as caring for offspring, forming alliances, and competing for resources. This research explored how different types of self-experience are linked to the different social mentalities of competitive social ranking (focusing on gaining and defending one's social posi
