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Offline foveation is a technique to improve the compression efficiency of digitized video. The general idea behind offline foveation is to blur video regions where no or a small number of previewers look without decreasing the subjective quality for later viewers. It relies on the fact that peripheral vision is reduced compared to central vision, and the observation that during free-viewing humans
One of the outstanding challenges presented by liquid water is to understand how molecules can move on a picosecond time scale despite being incorporated in a three-dimensional network of relatively strong H-bonds. This challenge is exacerbated in the supercooled state, where the dramatic slowing down of structural dynamics is reminiscent of the, equally poorly understood, generic behavior of liqu
Ambiguous practices and identities of NGOs have become a source of increasing concern for all involved in development intervention. But apart from pointing at dishonest marketing and unfortunate unintended consequences of donors’ support, how can we understand these ambiguities? Based on an ethnographic study of local Bangladeshi NGOs, the article explores actions and behaviour of grassroots NGO s
The surface speciation of orthophosphate ions on goethite has been studied as a function of pH, time, total phosphate concentration, and ionic medium by means of diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy. The samples were prepared in accordance with a distribution diagram of surface species as calculated from thermodynamic data. In agreement with the thermodynamic model three dominating surface comple
Empowerment has become a widespread concept in various social policy contexts referring to different marginalized groups. Empowerment has also been focused within the mental health field although little empirical research exists. The aim of the present study was to investigate internal consistency and construct validity of the Swedish version of an empowerment scale developed for people with a men
Purpose: We critically examined the evidence supporting the widely accepted notion that patients undergoing continent urinary tract reconstruction after cystectomy experience superior quality of life outcomes than patients receiving a conduit. Materials and Methods: Based on a comprehensive MEDLINE literature search we retrieved and evaluated all full-length articles published in the English, Fren
OBJECTIVE: N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a selective and powerful organic solvent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the NMP metabolite N-methylsuccinimide (MSI) in plasma and urine can be used as a biomarker of exposure to NMP. METHODS: Six healthy subjects were exposed to 10, 25, and 50 mg NMP/m3 in an exposure chamber for 8 h. The air levels were monitored by XAD-7 solid sorben
In 131I SPECT, image quality and quantification accuracy are degraded by object scatter as well as scatter and penetration in the collimator. The characterization of energy and spatial distributions of scatter and penetration performed in this study by Monte Carlo simulation will be useful for the development and evaluation of techniques that compensate for such events in 131I imaging. METHODS: Fi
Neutrophil apoptosis occurs both in the bloodstream and in the tissue and is considered essential for the resolution of an inflammatory process. Here, we show that p38–mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) associates to caspase-8 and caspase-3 during neutrophil apoptosis and that p38-MAPK activity, previously shown to be a survival signal in these primary cells, correlates with the levels of cas
Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a group of uncured retinal diseases with the world wide incidence of about 1/3500. In spite of the huge efforts in past years, the mechanisms underlying this type of hereditary blindness has not been elucidated and nor any effective treatment available. The rd1 mouse strain carries a mutation in ?-subunit of phosphodiesterase gene which hydrolyzes the cGMP and is need
The transition model (i) of classical phonetics distinguished between inevitable transitions between momentary target configurations (called coarticulation by Menzerath and Lacerda in 1933) and assimilation extending over a larger domain than a transition, implying reorganization of the input. By the 1950s it was clear that coarticulation extended beyond target configurations and involved more tha
Popular Abstract in Swedish Parkinsons sjukdom (PS) karaktäriseras av långsam celldöd i hjärnan och gradvis uppträder minskad rörlighet och muskelstelhet som mest framträdande symptom. PS drabbar ungefär 0.1% av befolkningen, och inträder oftast i femtio- till sextioårsåldern. Varför sjukdomen uppkommer är till stor del okänt, men man vet att de dopamin producerande cellerna i mitthjärnan (särskilParkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor deficits. Levodopa treatment provides marked symptomatic relief. However, within 5-10 years after the start of Levodopa treatment, most PD patients display a gradual loss of drug efficacy. Importantly, the neuropathology of PD is dominated by a marked loss of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra.
Purpose: We tested the biocompatibility of nitinol, a nickel titanium alloy, and stainless steel (SS) as bladder implant materials. Materials and Methods: Rats received a nitinol implant, an SS implant or were sham controls. Two, 3, 6 and 8 weeks following implantation 24-hour voiding behavior studies were per-formed to investigate bladder irritation. All animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after impl
The paper examines how firms in three regional clusters in Norway dominated by shipbuilding, mechanical engineering and electronics industry, respectively exploit both place-specific local resources as well as external, world-class knowledge to strengthen their competitiveness. From these case-studies we make four points: (1) ideal-typical regional innovation systems, i.e., regional clusters "surr
The aim of this project was to investigate possible methods for the concentration of acid hydrolyzate obtained from hydrolyzing wood. A detailed study of concentration of sugar solution by reverse osmosis, RO, has been performed as well as a comparison with mechanical vapor recompression evaporation. The comparison has, in this specific case, shown that RO is currently more expensive. The result i
A previous study reported the ability of staphylococci to bind heparin and heparin-dependent host growth factors. The present study isolated and identified heparin- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-binding surface components of S. epidermidis strain RP12 and S. haemolyticus strain SM 131. The staphylococcal heparin-binding component(s) were purified by affinity chromatography on heparin-S
Through several decades of research, absolute paleointensity estimates have been obtained from a wide range of rocks with varying ages, covering the last 3.45 Ga years. These paleointensity data are crucial to study the past geodynamo and the geological evolution of the Earth's deep interior. However, paleointensity data are often difficult to interpret, and on-going discussions concerning the pas
Sixty-two patients with lymphoedema of the arm after mastectomy and with hypertrophy of the adipose tissue were consecutively treated by liposuction in three different ways. The first group was operated on without the use of a tourniquet. In the second group, liposuction extended up to the distal edge of the tourniquet, and then into the proximal upper arm previously covered by the tourniquet usin
A misaligned stretcher or compressor in a chirped pulse amplification laser introduces residual angular dispersion into the beam, resulting in temporal distortion of the pulse. We demonstrate that an imaging spectrograph is capable for Measuring the angular dispersion of a laser beam by an accuracy of 0.2 murad/min. Using this technique, the analytical expressions of residual angular dispersion of
