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BACKGROUND: Familial aggregation of stroke is well-documented, yet few studies have examined associations between stroke subtypes-particularly early-onset cryptogenic ischaemic stroke (eCIS)-and broader family history (FH) of cardiovascular disease. Such associations may provide insights into underlying etiologic mechanisms. METHODS: In this multicentre case-control study, we included eCIS patient
How long do fungal hyphae persist in the environment? And how does this differ betweengroups and species of fungi? Despite growing knowledge of fungal contributions to decom-position and soil carbon cycles, surprisingly little is known about the turnover of mycelia:What happens to fungal hyphae over time? And how this impacts different fungi’s contribu-tion to carbon sequestration?In this study, w
Decapping is a critical step in mRNA decay, but the mechanisms regulating human decapping enzyme DCP2 remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstitute the human decapping network using full-length recombinant proteins and compare it to the yeast system. Unlike in yeast, we find that the C-terminal region of human DCP2 is not autoinhibitory. RNA-binding residues of yeast Dcp2 are not conserved in th
Recent advances in vibrational spectroscopy techniques have proven to be reliable, fast and operator-independent tools for extracellular vesicles (EVs) study. In an attempt to further reveal the wide potential that the vibrational spectroscopy can achieve in EV characterization, in the present study we analysed the EVs isolated from various cell lines employing Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier
BACKGROUND: Alterations in ribosomal DNA copy number (rDNA-CN) and global DNA methylation have been associated with genomic instability and various diseases. However, their relevance in myocardial infarction (MI) has not been fully investigated.METHODS: We measured rDNA-CN and global DNA methylation in blood samples from MI patients ( n = 100) and healthy controls ( n = 109) using Droplet Digit
A set of ultrawide bandgap single-crystal NdGaO3 samples cut with crystallographic surface orientations (001), (101), and (110) are investigated by using generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. We report the complex anisotropic dielectric functions in the spectral range from 0.73 to 9.0 eV, for polarization along directions a, b, and c of the orthorhombic unit cell. A Kramers–Kronig consistent par
Fire has shaped terrestrial ecosystems for hundreds of millions of years. Human activities dramatically shift natural fire regimes, leading to adverse conservation impacts that are projected to increase in severity. Many animals appear ill-equipped to face these drastic changes, and they may be unable to adapt rapidly enough. In contrast, behavioural plasticity could offer a faster solution to ach
The aim of this phenomenological research was to study immigrant women with satisfactory lives and to explore their emotions, impressions, thoughts and experiences of a cultural transition to gain more insight in how they have managed to deal with the initial acculturation process. An open question was sent to the participants (n=8) via e-mail, and the self-reports were analyzed with MCA-Minerva (
This is a qualitative study done at the University of Duesto in Spain; the focus is on the Erasmus students in the spring of 2004. The purpose of the study had arisen from a personal interest and experience and was to find out if the Erasmus students' distinguish themselves from Spanish students at the University of Duesto. Why do they distinguish themselves and do they want to? The study is
This paper examines how the returns and volatility of Chinese ADRs listed at NYSE are affected by their host market (US), underlying market (Hong Kong) and local market (Shanghai). Using a GARCH spillover model and data from 1 January 2002 to 30 September 2007, we find that the volatility spillover from US (host market), Hong Kong (underlying market) and Shanghai (local market) to Chinese ADRs, fo
This paper analyzes production fragmentation in the telecommunications industry, using Hungary as a case study. The driving forces of production fragmentation are partly industry and product characteristics but also conditions in the environment, among which transaction cost are especially important. Because of its characteristics, the telecommunications industry has high fragmentation potential a
This paper conducts an empirical study of the determinants of credit default swap (CDS) prices. By using a new set of CDS quotes and explanatory variables for thirty major corporations, a set of linear panel data regressions are performed. The study confirms earlier research where risk free interest rate, volatility and leverage are found to be highly significant. In addition to this, a new variab
This thesis examines the Swedish carbon dioxide abatement policy in the transport sector. The purpose is to investigate whether this is done in a cost-efficient way, in particular in a long-term perspective. An underlying objective is to bring thoughts on environmental concern and economic growth together. In order to do this a number of scientific reports, economic articles, and policy documents
Convertible preferred shares are, the most frequently used investment instrument in venture capital or private equity investment. The various rights associated with these shares make them more valuable than ordinary shares. A vital feature, at least for the US venture capitalist, is the conversion right that is the right to convert a preferred share into an ordinary share. For the right of convers
The European Union today consists of 25 Member States. The Member States all have different tax systems and different rates of taxation. A few Council Directives have been adopted in order to harmonize direct taxation between the Member States, but none regarding cross-border losses. Losses are negative profits, they do not give rise to the levy of taxes but they may reduce the tax burden that wou
The strive for international justice have existed for a very long time. We have seen attempts been made to achieve this goal by for example the creations of the Tribunals for former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The idea has been to prosecute and hold war criminals responsible for their actions. The most recent attempt to establish an international legal system was first made in 1989, when the process of
Over the last decades business has become increasingly globalised and corporations are no longer limited by national boundaries. As a consequence many states have abolished their exchange controls, that is to say, the rules that controlled the transferring of money or other assets abroad. The abolition of exchange controls, however, provides opportunities for tax avoidance. Since companies are tax
