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Objective. New proposed definitions of chronic kidney disease necessitate the development and use of simple and accurate methods for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Plasma cystatin C has been shown to be a more reliable GFR marker than creatinine and formulae for estimating GFR have been reported. The purpose of this study was to validate a cystatin C-based GFR prediction equation in
Abstract Purpose: This thesis, first, sets out how the collective action strategies of prime movers and the manner in which they form networks affect the pace of legitimacy of a newly emerging bioenergy system. Under the light of this information, the second purpose is to see if it is possible to provide some lessons and good examples of networking strategies for prenatal or infant bioenergy case
Though the practice of genocide traces its roots back to the atrocities committed in the ancient times, however, the international community has shown its reluctance to acknowledge the existence of that horrific crime. The impunity for the Armenian genocide perpetrated by the Young Turks of Ottoman Empire in 1915 had a significant impact on Adolf Hitler who referred to the Ottoman killings of Arme
This thesis is focused on the lack of investment in the human security of the marginalized Hazara minority of Afghanistan. Human security is a relatively new concept over which there is considerable debate and this thesis presents a discussion of various debates regarding human security and peacekeeping before taking a firm stance in the debates, emphasizing the importance of investing in the huma
This bachelor thesis is a study of desert soil. It is a thesis within the subject of bedrock geology but has a clear ecological angle. The specific soil studied is from the salt flats in the area of El Akarit, 45 kilometers north of the city of Gabes in southern Tunisia. The first aim of the study was to sample soil from the test site El Hicha, where the Ministry of Rural Engineering, Water and Fo
Denna uppsatsen undersöker begreppet statslöshet i en världsstruktur där fokus ligger på att erhållande av nationalitet är essentiellt vid infriande av mänskliga rättigheter. Efter andra världskriget blev många statslösa och därför undersöker jag i denna uppsats begreppet statslöshets innebörd i dokumenten från International Law Commission under 1952-1954. Jag jämför begreppets innebörd från ovans
Over the past decade, the artworld has seen the emergence of various new art genres such as post-internet art, post-media art, and Internet-aware art to name a few. What these genres insinuate is an era of transition between us and digital media, between our online sphere and our offline sphere. This development affects all agents of the artworld, namely, the gallery system, the art-market and mos
Stommen för den europeiska konkurrensrätten har till stor del utvecklats från Freiburgskolans ordoliberala ideal, enligt vilken konkurrensprocessen och individens handlingsfrihet sågs som förutsättningar för ett fritt samhälles existens. Med syfte att upprätta en gemensam inre marknad gjordes formalistiska avtalstolkningar under artikel 101 FEUF där vertikala avtals välfärdseffekter inte gärna erkThe concept of a united European community might not be Ordoliberal but the foundation of what it is built upon is to a large extent. The project of integrating the European markets was seen as an important peace keeping incentive and according to Ordoliberal ideals the competition process was regarded as a crucial component of a social market economy. Both the European Court and the European Comm
The aim of this study was to examine a possible role for extracellular pyrimidines as inotropic factors for the heart. First, nucleotide plasma levels were measured to evaluate whether UTP is released in patients with coronary heart disease. Then, inotropic effects of pyrimidines were examined in isolated mouse cardiomyocytes. Finally, expression of pyrimidine-selective receptors ( a subgroup of t
During the last decades of the twentieth century, Western philosophy saw a renewed interest in religion. This ‘turn to religion’ was in many ways prompted by concrete geopolitical developments, such as the surge of religious fundamentalism or the new visibility of religious expressions and symbols in societies that had long conceived of themselves as profoundly secular. At about the same time, a g
Objective: To describe the development and evaluation of the content and face validity and test-retest reliability of a disease-specific questionnaire that measures patient-reported outcomes and experiences for the Swedish National Diabetes Register for adult patients who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this methodological study, a questionnaire was developed over four phases using an
Silicon is a promising candidate to substitute or complement graphite as anode material in Li-ion batteries due, mainly, to its high energy density. However, the lithiation/delithiation processes of silicon particles are inherently related to drastic volume changes which, within a battery's physically constrained case, can induce significant deformation of the fundamental components of the battery
The Cone Calorimeter test method has been for years one of the most used small-scale fire test methods. It is certainly one of the methods which is most widely spread over the world at this moment. In contrast to many other fire test methods, the Cone Calorimeter provides a range of data with sound scientific basis, which allows a wide range of applications. In this article five different areas of
1. The amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) was extracted from tentacles of the sea anemone Metridium senile and from brains of the crayfish Pacifastacus leniuscuius.2. The identity of l-DOPA was ascertained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as the heptafluorobutyryl iso-butyl ester derivative. Dopa is identified with GC-MS for the first time and the derivatization is a novel mod
BACKGROUND: The molecular chaperone heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) is a promising cancer drug target, but current Hsp90-based therapy has so far shown limited activity in the clinic.METHODS: We tested the efficacy of a novel mitochondrial-targeted, small-molecule Hsp90 inhibitor, Gamitrinib (GA mitochondrial matrix inhibitor), in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model. Th
BACKGROUND: The gene encoding oestrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) appears to regulate bone mineral density (BMD) and other determinants of osteoporotic fracture risk.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between common polymorphisms and haplotypes of the ESR1 gene and osteoporosis related phenotypes in a population based cohort of 3054 Scottish women.RESULTS: There was a significant association betwe
Traditional linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies have identified HLA and a number of non-HLA genes as genetic factors for islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the relative risk associated with previously identified non-HLA genes is usually very small as measured in cases/controls from mixed populations. Genetic associations for IA and T1D may be more accurate
