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The regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release from cholinergic neurons transplanted to the hippocampus or neocortex was studied by microdialysis in awake rats. Fetal basal forebrain tissue was implanted as a cell suspension or solid graft into the fimbria-fornix-lesioned hippocampus, or as a cell suspension into the frontal cortex after excitotoxic lesion of the nucleus basalis. Several months aft
The use of motor reactions including spinal motor mechanisms, such as tail-flick, hot plate test, and flexion reflexes, in research on pain and analgesia requires some precautions, and results should be interpreted with caution. Nocifensive specificity and analgesic selectivity cannot be established unequivocally by only comparing reflexes evoked by noxious stimuli with monosynaptic reflexes. Rath
Visible Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (vis-MFRSR) data were collected at Storm Peak Laboratory (SPL), a mountain-top facility in northwest Colorado, from 1999 to 2011 and in 2013. From 2011 to 2014, in situ measurements of aerosol light scattering were also obtained. Using these data sets together, the seasonal impact of dust and biomass burning is considered for the western USA. Anal
We present a novel low-cost device for scanning object surfaces based on structured LED (Light Emitting Diode) light and a single, monocular image from a standard machine vision camera. During the calibration phase we find the displacement of the imaged LED-projected marker points as a function of depth. Using this displacement data and a suitable interpolation technique, the depth of surface poin
For high-resolution massive MIMO and very large antenna arrays, wireless channel models have to scrutinize the detailed space features of the surrounding environment. Existing models such as WINNER and 3GPP are not appropriate for validating and evaluating new concepts for 4G/5G as they do not consider the spatial characteristics of the real environment. The simplified 3D shapes of simulated objec
The L3 X-ray absorption spectrum of aqueous iodide is reported, and its EXAFS is compared to theoretical spectra reconstructed from the radial distribution function of the iodide hydration obtained from classical, hybrid Quantum Mechanics Molecular Mechanics, (QM/MM) and full quantum (density functional theory, DFT) molecular dynamics simulations. Since EXAFS is mainly sensitive to short distances
The applications of femtosecond lasers to the diagnostics of combustion and flow field have recently attracted increasing interest. Many novel spectroscopic methods have been developed in obtaining non-intrusive measurements of temperature, velocity, and species concentrations with unprecedented possibilities. In this paper, several applications of femtosecond-laser-based incoherent techniques in
OBJECTIVE - To investigate the association of GAD (65-kDa) autoantibodies (GAD65-Abs) and IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2-Abs) with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ and insulin gene (INS) risk markers in patients with recent-onset IDDM and their siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Blood was sampled from 608 recent-onset IDDM patients and 480 siblings, aged 0-39 years and consecutively recruited by t
□ Total hip arthroplasty (THA) registers are established in several countries to collect data aiming to improve the results after THA. Monitoring of adverse outcomes after THA has focused mainly on revision surgery, but patientreported outcomes have also been investigated. □ Several surgery-related factors influencing the survival of the THA have been thoroughly investigated and have changed clini
Ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment of milk forms a deposit or fouling in the processing equipment that is mineral-based with an enclosed protein network. This study addresses the fundamental mechanisms that control the removal of this deposit. For this purpose, the structural and compositional changes during the cleaning process have been studied. The structure analysis was performed with scan
Seven large European Union (EU)–funded epilepsy-related research projects joined forces in May 2018 in Brussels, Belgium, in a unique community building event—the epiXchange conference. During this conference, 170 investigators from the projects DESIRE, EpimiRNA, EPISTOP, EpiTarget, EpiXchange, and EpiPGX as well as the European Reference Network EpiCARE, met up with key stakeholders including rep
Resistivity surveys are now also carried in areas covered by water. The surveys involve electrodes planted on the water bottom or on a streamer towed by a boat. As the water layer has a large effect on resistivity measurements, its effect must be accurately modelled. The water resistivity and depth to the bottom are usually independently measured with a conductivity meter and depth sounder. The up
We present dyke swarm maps generated using Google Earth™ images, ArcGIS™, field data, and available geochronological ages of Neoarchean-Mesoproterozoic (ranging in age from ~2.80 to ~1.10Â Ga) mafic dyke swarms and associated magmatic units of the different Archean cratons of the Indian shield which represent the plumbing system of Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). The spatial and temporal distribut
The kinetic isotope effects in the reactions of CHCl3, CDCl 3, and 13CHCl3 with Cl, OH, and OD radicals have been determined in relative rate experiments at 298 ± 1 K and atmospheric pressure monitored by long path FTIR spectroscopy. The spectra were analyzed using a nonlinear least-squares spectral fitting procedure including line data from the HITRAN database and measured infrared spectra as ref
Coprostanol was tested as ecological indicator to trace domestic and manure effluents and to investigate possible pollution sources in surface water. Pollution assessment was performed by analysing NO3 −, NO2 −, coprostanol (5β(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol), and cholestanol (5α(H)-Cholestan-3β-ol) in water samples from 42 sites along rivers in Shimabara and Unzen City, Japan. NO2-N concentration exceeded 0.
Organic farming can benefit plants and butterflies in terms of species richness and abundance, in particular in homogeneous landscapes. Nevertheless, whether organic farming can benefit functional diversity of these two organism groups is not well understood. Organic farming could benefit functional diversity by counteracting simplification and homogenisation of biotic communities caused by earlie
Based on the requirements for advanced treatment and resource recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in wastewater, the coupled anammox and hydroxyapatite crystallization (anammox-HAP) process was studied with an aim of achieving high efficiency and low energy consumption during simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In the long-term experiments and batch tests, the effects of subst
