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The effects of small roundabouts on emissions and fuel consumption were evaluated using the “car-following” method in a before/after study. The results showed that at a roundabout replacing a signalised junction, CO emissions decreased by 29%, NOx emissions by 21%, and fuel consumption by 28%. At roundabouts, replacing yield regulated junctions, CO emissions increased on average by 4%, NOx emissio
The study considers relations in a group of 95 managers, 41 women and 54 men, between working climate of their units, their leadership styles in terms of their subordinates’ ratings of employee-centeredness, change-centeredness and production-centeredness, and their personality patterns according to the Spiral Aftereffect Technique (SAT). Eight managerial types were distinguished, based on low and
Eleven adults spontaneously-hypertensive male rats (SHR) were studied 22 h or 7 days after a 2 h unilateral occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). Another 11 SHR were studied after 24 h or 7 days of permanent MCA ligation. The brain infarcts were significantly larger (P < 0.05) after permanent occlusion than after a 2 h occlusion. More extensive and widespread vasogenic oedema, emana
Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B), is known to play an important role in acute insulin and cAMP-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism, and PDE4 are the main PDE types expressed in adipocytes. Here, we show that members of all PDE4 isoforms are expressed in 3T3-L1 and primary mouse adipocytes. Long-term treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with insulin induced up-regulation of PDE3B and PDE4D in a phosphati
The European Union has initiated a number of initiatives to improve resource efficiency in Europe. The Ecodesign Directive is one of the policy instruments that could aid the transition towards a more resource efficient economy. This paper examines the potential benefits and disadvantages in applying the Directive for this purpose, and reflects on the potential to apply certain types of standards.
Increasing soft error rates for semiconductor devices manu- factured in later technologies enforces the use of fault tolerant techniques such as Roll-back Recovery with Checkpointing (RRC). However, RRC introduces time overhead that increases the completion (execution) time. For non-real-time systems, research have focused on optimizing RRC and shown that it is possible to find the optimal number
Popular Abstract in Swedish Däggdjurens mag-tarmkanal genomgår dramatiska strukturella och funktionella förändringar under di-perioden för att anpassa individen för den fasta föda som kommer att bli den huvudsakliga näringskällan efter avvänjningen från modersmjölken. Dessa förändringar följer en ?biologiska klocka? och är således huvudsakligen genetiskt styrda. Däremot kan yttre och inre stimuli The timing of the postnatal development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is influenced by dietary and hormonal factors. It was hypothesized that accelerated GI cell turnover during maturation would result in a precoucios conversion to more mature digestive functions. Thus, it was investigated if red kidney bean lectin, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) - a potent gut mitogen in adult rats - c
The goal of these studies has been to elucidate the biological relevance of post-translational modifications in the context of a living organism. The model system used is photoreceptor differentiation during development of the compound eye in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Important signal transduction pathways in this process consist of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) coupled to a mitoge
In this work, a method for non-invasive assessment of AF organization has been applied to discriminating between paroxysmal and long-term persistent AF episodes. Following extraction of the atrial activity (AA) signal, the dominant atrial frequency (DAF) of the AA was computed based on a hidden Markov model. Finally, the main atrial wave (MAW) was obtained by bandpass filtering centered on the DAF
Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodet består av olika typer av celler med olika funktioner. De röda blodkropparna transporterar syre till alla delar av kroppen, blodplättar stoppar blödningar och en rad olika vita blodkroppar försvarar oss från olika typer av angrepp från till exempel virus eller bakterier. Generellt för alla dessa olika typer av celler är att de är kortlivade och måste ersättas kontMature blood cells are crucial for life, but they have a short lifetime and thus have to be replaced. These mature blood cells are produced by lineage restricted progenitors, which themselves are generated by rare multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in a highly dynamic process called hematopoiesis. In addition to the ability of HSCs to generate all blood cell lineages, they possess the uni
This chapter examines the role of economic factors in first marriage in seven locations in pre-industrial Europe and Asia using a two-generation theory, which also takes socioeconomic class into account. In these settings, the household provided a major welfare function for its members. Access to land was of considerable importance, but so was the prevalent family system – whether a married couple
This thesis gives some background information on environmental issues as the scientific community at large currently sees it. It tries to relate the plethora of current combustion technologies which may be used in gas turbines to those issues. Some basic principles on combustion design are given. Different candidate fuels for gas turbine combustion are discussed. Combustion of bio-fuels is treated
