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Lichens, a form of symbiosis between a fungal and a photosynthetic partner, are believed to be a group that evolved early in the history of terrestrial life. As a consequence, they probably experienced higher ultraviolet (UV) radiation fluxes than at present. However, in the last two decades, due to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, increasing levels of ultraviolet-B radiation (280-3

Stem Cell travel refers to patients with a variety of diseases and debilitating disorders who travel abroad to receive unproven stem cell treatments. Current academic research investigating how to combat stem cell travel has yet to offer a complete understanding of the link between patient hope and autonomy, and building or losing trust in medical authorities. To combat stem cell travel, understan

1 The mechanisms behind bradykinin-induced effects in the airways are considered to be largely indirect. The role of cholinergic nerves and eicosanoids, and their relationship in these mechanisms were investigated in guinea-pigs. 2 The role of cholinergic nerves was studied in animals given atropine (1 mg kg-', i.v.), hexamethonium (2 mg kg-', i.v.), or vagotomized. To study the role of eicosanoid

The formation of triblock copolymer/surfactant complexes upon mixing a nonionic Pluronic polymer (PEO-PPO-PEO) with a cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), has been studied in dilute aqueous solutions using small-angle X-ray scattering, static and dynamic light scattering, and self-diffusion NMR. The studied copolymer (denoted P123, EO20PO68EO20) forms micelles with a ra

In this article we present the first theoretical study of solvent effects on the rotatory strength tensor. The system chosen is solvated formaldehyde for which only one tensor element is nonvanishing, and the solvent is modeled as a linear, homogeneous, and isotropic dielectric continuum. We present results using both an equilibrium and a nonequilibrium description of the solvent. Four illustrativ

Proteins G and PAB are bacterial albumin-binding proteins expressed at the surface of group C and G streptococci and Peptostreptococcus magnus, respectively. Repeated albumin-binding domains, known as GA modules, are found in both proteins. The third GA module of protein G from the group G streptococcal strain G148 (G148-GA3) and the second GA module of protein PAB from P.magnus strain ALB8 (ALB8-

A scintillating fibre tracker is proposed to measure elastic proton scattering at very small angles in the ATLAS experiment at CERN. The tracker will be located in so-called Roman Pot units at a distance of 240 m on each side of the ATLAS interaction point. An initial validation of the design choices was achieved in a beam test at DESY in a relatively low energy electron beam and using slow off-th

Background and Purpose-A low risk of recurrent stroke and death after lacunar infarction has previously been reported, but follow-up has been limited to less than or equal to5 years. Methods-One hundred eighty patients with pure motor stroke, collected between 1983 and 1986 from a hospital-based stroke registry, were followed up until at least 10 years after the index stroke. Two patients were los

Background: The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was formed in order to improve external quality assessment for molecular genetic testing in Europe. From 1999 to 2002 it received funding from the European Union under the Standards, Measurement and Testing programme (contract no. SMT4-CT98-7515). Since then, its maintenance has been supported through subscription of the participan

Outlines the development of PhD-education in the Nordic-Baltic area.

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)alpha is a myeloid-specific transcription factor that couples lineage commitment to terminal differentiation and cell cycle arrest, and is found mutated in 9% of patients who have acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We previously showed that mutations which dissociate the ability of C/EBP alpha to block cell cycle progression through E2F inhibition from its function

A comparison of the absorption in paper of radiation from different IR sources has been made based on a theoretical model. As a first approach, blackbody spectra at 1300 K and 2500 K were compared. The radiation from the body at 1300 K is more readily absorbed by the paper There is, however only a small difference in the in-depth absorption when the intensities are adjusted to give the same amount