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Background: Revascularization of a stenosis is warranted when hemodynamically significant. Coronary physiology provides a diagnostic tool for assessment of stenosis severity to aid in the decision to revascularize or defer. The iFR-SWEDEHEART trial demonstrated non-inferiority of the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) compared to fractional flow reserve (FFR) in guiding decision-making in coronar

The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes among migrant populations from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) living in high-income countries (HICs) presents a significant public health challenge. Migrants often experience lifestyle changes, socioeconomic disadvantages and barriers to accessing healthcare, which can increase their risk for type 2 diabetes. This review explores the prevention an

Purpose: To achieve the high sensitivity of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), a time-consuming reading is necessary. However, synthetic mammography (SM) images, equivalent to digital mammography (DM), can be generated from DBT images. SM is faster to read and might be sufficient in many cases. We investigate using artificial intelligence (AI) to stratify examinations into reading of either SM or

The Editors’ and Readers’ Choice Awards were established in 2022 to celebrate some of the outstanding articles published every year in the Journal of Comparative Physiology A. The recipients of the 2024 Editors’ Choice Awards were selected based on votes cast by the Editorial Board on articles published in 2023. In the category Original Paper, this distinction goes to ‘Views from ‘crabworld’: the

Aim: To assess the prevalence of overweight among Swedish 4 year olds in 2018, 2020 and 2022, taking socioeconomic variables into account. Methods: Aggregated regional data on children's body mass index were collected. The socioeconomic Care Need Index (CNI), foreign background, low education, being a single parent, low income and childhood poverty, were assessed. The differences in overweight, in

This study explored how the Swedish Fire and Rescue Service identifies problems and implements necessary actions during complex problem-solving in emergencies, aiming to increase our understanding of this process. Primary and secondary data from large-scale fire events were analyzed, including semistructured interviews and incident reports. The concept of “possibility space” is applied to identify

Working as a nurse offers job security but also poses risks for mental health issues. This study aims to explore factors and processes that affected health and work experiences among nurses in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 nurses from high COVID-19 patient load areas (ambulance, emergency departments, ICU, infection wards, and specialized CO

Background: A unique form of hemophilia B (HB) is HB Leyden. We evaluated the international Pediatric Network on Hemophilia Management Registry (PedNet) database to explore the natural history of HB Leyden, investigate genotype-phenotype associations, and guide clinical decision-making. Objectives: To assess the association between genetic variants, endogenous factor (F)IX levels over time, treatm

Hypothesis: The formation of a biomolecular corona on nanoparticle surfaces significantly influences their biological behaviour, particularly in drug delivery applications. Despite the prevalence of ingestion of particles (e.g, during oral drug delivery), our understanding of corona formation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract remains limited, especially for non-protein components. The hypothe

OBJECTIVES: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a noninvasive adjunct to multimodal pain management for acute postoperative care across various surgeries. Despite extensive evidence supporting its efficacy, TENS remains underutilized in clinical practice. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals regarding TENS in perioperative

Background: It is uncertain whether the risk of major congenital anomalies (mCAs) is increased in children of women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: We aimed to determine the risk of mCAs in a Swedish nationwide cohort of 13,131 singleton live births from 1997-2020 to women with IBD and 61,909 matched children to women without IBD from the general population. We additionally examine

The traditional Talmian binary typology of satellite-framed vs. verb-framed languages has proven to be insufficient for showing the diversity across the world’s languages. One approach within post-Talmian motion typology follows Holistic Spatial Semantics, which has been applied to languages like Swedish, French, Thai and Telugu, but not to Slavic languages. This motivates the present research. We

Background: Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) for tuberculosis infection (TBI) cannot distinguish different stages of the TBI spectrum (including spontaneously cleared infection). We investigated patterns of Mtb-specific blood mediators in people with and without TBI during tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT). Methods: Individuals with likelihood of recent Mtb exposure, aged 15–25 years, with

This study leverages synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) to investigate non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) in ultra-high-strength steels. By acquiring Ca-L2,3-edge X-ray absorption spectra from six NMIs at both room temperature and 400 °C, we analyze their structural changes, chemical compositions, and phase transformations. To extract meaningful ins

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) possess excellent material properties due to the combination of metals and reinforcing phases, yet this reduces their machinability. Numerous studies have shown that, due to the ploughing effect of the cutting tool, the edge effect can directly impact the material removal mechanism and the generation of surface integrity. However, the influence of different cutting-e

The judgments of the European Court of Human Rights manifest a mixture of factual and legal causation, when the Court reasons whether omissions should be the basis for breach of positive obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights. However, considerations that can be generally framed as normative govern the reasoning, which implies domination of legal causation. Yet, the Court still

The first checklist of the odonates from Guyana is presented, including 46 new species records. Literature sources are provided for all species and for the new records full locality data, color scans or field photographs, taxonomic and biological notes, and maps for those species whose distribution range is increased considerably.