Sökresultat

In Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT) a system is said to be robust to uncertainty if specified goals are achieved with satisfaction despite large info-gaps. Under this theory an info-gap expresses the disparity between what is known and unknown in structures for which uncertainty is judged as severe. We discuss how robustness in IGDT can be merged with a perspective on risk which allows for d

Heart transplantations have made it possible to extend the median survival time to 12 years for patients with end-stage heart diseases. This operation is unfortunately limited by the availability of donor organs and patients have to wait on average about 200 days in a waiting list before being operated. This waiting time varies considerably across the patients. In this paper, we studied the outcom

For the assessment of value of new therapies in healthcare, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies often review the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Some HTA agencies accept a higher cost per QALY gained when treatment is aimed at prolonging survival for patients with a short expected remaining lifetime, a so-called end-of-life (EoL) premium. The objective of this study is t

Public transportation (PT) is an essential system for cities to achieve sustainability. However, determination of proper locations for PT stations and finding suitable routes are critical decisions. This paper aims to propose a novel method to determine BRT stations and routes in the cities, using Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Binary Integer Programming (BIP). In the proposed method, first, a s

This chapter outlines the architectural approach to researching digital politics. An architectural approach focuses on platform structures and how they mediate, and can actively affect, users’ political agency online and offline. I first chart the lineage of architectural approaches in the social sciences, from discourse architectures to digital architectures. Then, I describe the process of ‘mapp

In the context of global R&D, we connect literature on knowledge management to a network-based theoretical framework helpful to analyse and explain the impact of globalisation of R&D on innovation performance. This framework is applied to two case companies, both global leaders within their respective industries, in order to analyse the extent to which their strategic globalisation of R&am

The aims of this paper are to show (i) that thirteenth-century Aristotelian logic (AL-13) is a logical tradition that considers Aristotelian logic (AL: the logical curriculum at the University of Paris, that is, Porphyry’s Isagoge, Aristotle’s Organon, Boethius’s De divisione and De topicis differentiis, and the anonymous Sex principia) as a system that is organized around the syllogistic argument