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Many observed giant planets lie on eccentric orbits. Such orbits could be the result of strong scatterings with other giant planets. The same dynamical instability that produces giant planet scatterings can also alter the orbits of terrestrial planets. For example, a habitable rocky planet in the system can be ejected or transported to an orbit outside the habitable zone. Therefore, there is a lin

Variational methods are used to calculate structural and thermodynamical properties of a titrating polyelectrolyte in a discrete representation. In the variational treatment, the Coulomb potentials are emulated by harmonic repulsive forces between all monomers; the force constants are used as variational parameters. The accuracy of the variational approach is tested against Monte Carlo data. Excel

Introduction: Although the group of vascular leg amputated patients constitutes some of the most vulnerable and frail on the orthopedic wards, previous research of amputated patients has focused on patients attending gait training in rehabilitation facilities leaving the patient experience shortly after surgery unexplored. Understanding patients' behavior shortly after amputation could inform heal

Abstract in UndeterminedStabilization and optimal control is studied for state space systems with nonnegative coefficients (positive systems). In particular, we show that a stabilizing distributed feedback controller, when it exists, can be computed using linear programming. The same methods are also used to minimize the closed loop input-output gain. An example devoted to distributed control of a

Spectral tuning is a diverse topic, both with regard to mechanism and with regard to biological significance. We have touched upon a related topic already when dealing with quantum dots in Chapter 5. In organisms, spectral tuning can be achieved both by chemical means (choice of pigment) and by physical means. The latter aspect is treated towards the end of the chapter in a section on structural c

During a series of HST/STIS observations of Eta Carinae and associatedejecta, we noticed a peculiar emission filament located a few arcsecondsnorth of the central source. While bright in nebular standards, it issubmerged in a sea of scattered starlight until moderately highdispersion, long-slit spectroscopy with the STIS (R 8000) brings theemission lines out. The initial spectrum, centered on 6768

This study investigated cold weather safety footwear and the possible thermal effects of steel toe caps in footwear. Two boot models were manufactured and used in two variants - with (As and Ws) and without (An and Wn) steel toe cap. The boot insulation was measured with an artificial, heated foot (AHF). Experiments with 6 male subjects with boots Ws and Wn consisted of sitting for 60 minutes at -

This paper presents algorithms for continuous-time quadratic optimization of impedance control. Explicit solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for optimal control of rigid-body motion are found by solving an algebraic matrix equation. System stability is investigated according to Lyapunov function theory, and it is shown that global asymptotic stability holds. The solution results in design pa

Background. The use of volatile anaesthetics has increased in situations where conventional anaesthetic machines are inadequate or unavailable, for example, cardiac surgery and intensive care. The disposable anaesthetic conserving device, AnaConDaw, allows vaporization of liquid volatile anaesthetics from a syringe pump and rebreathing of exhaled anaesthetic. Clinical use requires understanding of

SOFC systems, working at high temperatures of about 800°C, have recently attracted significant interests for application as automotive and stationary power supply systems. This paper explores the possibilities and limitations for achievement of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as 7 kW auxiliary power units on luxury passenger vehicles operating on diesel fuel. Various issues are discussed, e.g., the

'Women in Literature': This paper was presented at a Symposium on 'The Image of Woman in Literature' held in Malmö and Lund, March 8-10, 2002. The Symposium was chaired by Henry Diab and Jalil Haidar.

ABSTRACT Abdominal pain is a frequent condition among patients in ambulance care and, each patient should receive optimal doses for pain relief. The aim of this study was to evaluate pain scores at admission to hospital and relationship to age, in pre-hospital patients with treated acute abdominal pain. Pain was scored with a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) by each patient at the rescue scene (NRSs). K