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This paper investigates the redistributive effects of the Swedish health care financing system in 1980 and 1990 for four different financial sources: county council taxes, payroll taxes, direct payments and state grants. The redistributive effects are decomposed into vertical, horizontal and 'reranking' segments for each of the four financial sources. The data used are based on probability samples

Cities around the world are constructing bicycle infrastructure to increase cycling. However, identifying efficient design solutions and determining how bicycle infrastructure planning knowledge can be integrated into comprehensive policy remains a challenge. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of current bicycle infrastructure planning in both an experienc

Abstract: The heat production rate in peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated by direct calorimetry in 76 untreated adults with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Elevated values were recorded for 20 out of 54 patients with lymphomas of high or intermediate malignancy grade (37%) and for 1 out of 22 patients (5%) with low grade lymphomas (p = 0.01). Median survival was 39 months for patients with n

Background:Developments in anaesthesia during the recent decades include new drugs with limited unwanted side effects and the need for anaesthesia in new interventions, together with new groups of patients that in the past were considered to be beyond help. Aims:Study I: To determine the bolus dose of remifentanil that depresses the ventilatory drive as deeply as 1 µg/kg of fentanyl.Study II: To

Background: Offering care and support to survivors of sexual violence is crucial in order to support their healing and recovery. Yet, accessing care is often challenging for survivors and especially in humanitarian settings. North Kivu, a province in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has been ravaged by conflict and violence for several decades and is one of the worst human

Foreign-accented speech has been explored from various perspectives, yet the current study is one of the first to investigate the role of accentedness in relation to acceptability judgements in multilingual acquisition. We consider possible interactions of two domains, phonology and syntax, by presenting learners of L3 Norwegian with an Acceptability Judgement Task focusing on eight morphosyntacti

This work considers infinite-horizon optimal control of positive linear systems applied to the case of network routing problems. We demonstrate the equivalence between Stochastic Shortest Path (SSP) problems and optimal control of a certain class of linear systems. This is used to construct a heuristic search framework for linear positive systems inspired by existing methods for SSP. We propose a

In recent years the liberal representative democracy has been subject of a substantial critique because of its inability to accommodate difference and create a genuinely democratic political process. One such critique comes from the theory of deliberative democracy. Supporters of deliberative democracy try to promote a model of democracy that take its vantage point in free and equal deliberation

The right to vote at elections is the strongest instrument available to the citizens to influence the politicians. A drop in the rate of turnout can be a serious problem from a pluralistic view of democracy, if some social groups don?t participate at elections. In the Scandinavian countries the rate of turnout at parliamentary elections is relatively high internationally, but it is dropping histo

In this essay we discuss the importance of the rule of law for upholding fundamental rights within the liberal democratic state formation. The case in point is that of the Jamaica state and its longstanding record of arbitrary human rights practices. Under the rule of law all parts of the state apparatus is subject to the principals of legality and accountability, this entails testing the legality

In spite of numerous evidence of a global resurgence of religion in the post Cold-war world, scholars of international relations have continuously excluded religion from their analysis. This thesis investigates the reasons for this and suggests a way to include religion into the analysis of international politics. It argues that the reasons for the ignorance of I.R scholars when it comes to relig

The aim of the essay is to gain a deeper understanding of Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness, through exploring a number of its allegorical short-cuts: the sepulchral city, the Company's offices, the knitters of black wool, the grove of death, and Kurtz' sketch in oil. The analysis of these short-cuts, aided by the gist of some of Conrad's letters to Cunninghame Graham, yiel

The purpose of this article is to describe the discourse in which public-private partnership (PPP) resides, within the Swedish parliament, in the field of infrastructure. I have chosen to look at the latest three years deliberation where PPP appears in parliament bills. This case study is based upon discourse as a qualitative method. Five indicator signs which is history, comparison, geographic l

In an age of American unipolarity it is not surprising that questions regarding the perseverance of the current international structure constantly recur in contemporary international relations debates. As the discussion about whether the balance of power theory vanished with the Cold War continues, soft balancing has become a popular way to describe second-tier states' use of non-military tool

Events that have effected music teachers? view on education - Interviews with four violin-teachers. The purpose of this research is to find out what forms the violin-teachers view on how education shall be operated. Through qualitative interviews, four violin-teachers from around Sweden have told about their growing up, higher musical education and what is current. The result shows that the higher