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Numerous species adopt inducible defence strategies; that is, they have phenotypically plastic traits that decrease the risk of capture and consumption by potential predators. The benefits of expressing alternative phenotypes in high- vs. low-risk environments are well documented. However, inducible anti-predator traits are also expected to incur costs, as they are not expressed when predators are
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate symptom prevalence, symptom relief, and palliative care indicators during the last week of life, comparing them for patients with motor neuron disease (MND), central nervous system tumors (CNS tumor), and other neurological diseases (OND). Material & Methods: Data were obtained from the Swedish Register for Palliative Care, which documents c
Integrated circuits (ICs) with a single chip (die) are typically tested with a test flow consisting of two test instances: (1) wafer sort for the bare chip and (2) package test for the packaged IC. For ICs with stacked chips - 3D Stacked ICs - there are many possible test instances, even more test flows, and no commonly used test flow. In this paper, we propose a test flow selection algorithm (TFS
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, inflammatory relapsing disease with increasing incidence. IBD research and long-term follow-up of patients have, however, been hampered by lack of detailed data on disease phenotype, patient-reported outcome measures, Physician Global Assessment, disease activity, and hospital-administered drugs. Aim: To review the Swedish IBD quality regi
Objective: To compare a wearable device, the Fitbit Versa (FV), to a validated portable single-channel EEG system across multiple nights in a naturalistic environment. Methods: Twenty participants (10 men and 10 women) aged 25–67 years were recruited for the present study. Study duration was 14 days during which participants were asked to wear the FV daily and nightly. The study intended to reprod
Background: The impact of a change in mitral regurgitation (MR) following TAVR is unknown. We studied the impact of baseline MR and early post-procedural change in MR on survival following TAVR. Methods: The SWEDEHEART registry included all TAVRs performed in Sweden. Patients were dichotomized into no/mild and moderate/severe MR groups. Vital status, echocardiographic data at baseline and within 7
The effect that extreme natural events have on biological diversity is relatively poorly known. We used a before–after control-impact (BACI) design to analyze changes in bird abundances and communities following Hurricane Gudrun, which struck southern Sweden in January 2005, felling 75 million m3 of forest and causing damage to 5% of forested areas (half a million hectares) in a few hours. We used
Many viruses previously have been shown to have pressurized genomes inside their viral protein shell, termed the capsid. This pressure results from the tight confinement of negatively charged viral nucleic acids inside the capsid. However, the relevance of capsid pressure to viral infection has not been demonstrated. In this work, we show that the internal DNA pressure of tens of atmospheres insid
Aims: We aimed to discover and replicate associations between leisure-time physical activity and cardiovascular candidate plasma protein biomarkers and to examine whether the associations were independent of body fat. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from two population-based cohorts, the EpiHealth (discovery cohort; n = 2239) and the Swedish Mammography Cohort – Clinical (SMCC; replication c
Air travel is often justified as ‘necessary’ or ‘unavoidable’, in the sense that trips have purpose and value. Yet it is evident that people travel for reasons that may include forced and voluntary movement, with motives ranging from visiting friends and family, to leisure, or business. In light of the challenge to decarbonise transport, and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, this paper
To overcome soil nutrient limitation, many plants have developed complex nutrient acquisition strategies including altering root morphology, root hair formation or colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The interactions of these strategies and their plasticity are, however, affected by soil nutrient status throughout plant growth. Such plasticity is decisive for plant phosphorus (P) a
Preclinical studies on the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in bone metabolism are contradictory. Regeneration models indicate an anabolic effect on bone healing, whereas models on physiologic bone remodeling indicate a catabolic effect on bone mass. No human studies on EPO and fracture risk are available. It is known that fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) affects bone mineralization and that serum
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative movement disorder. Despite investigative efforts into the pathogenesis of the disease, the aetiology and mechanism of PD remains unknown, with multiple factors and cellular pathways known to play a part. But the genetic component of the disease, as well as enhanced vulnerability of the midbrain dopaminergic neurons of the Substantia
STUDY OBJECTIVES: The current study sought to examine whether self-reported sleep duration is linked to an adverse body composition in 19,709 adults aged 45 to 75 years. METHODS: All variables used in the current study were derived from the Swedish EpiHealth cohort study. Habitual sleep duration was measured by questionnaires. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance. The main outcome variabl
Introduction: Community Case Management (CCM) aims to improve health outcomes among children under five with malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia, but its effectiveness in Malawi is limited by inconsistent standards of delivery characteristic of paper-based interventions. This may lead to negative impacts on child health outcomes and inefficient use of health system resources. This study evaluated the
Background and aim: As an increasing number of people are living and ageing with the consequences ofstroke, the rehabilitation and support provided for this group needs to have a long-term perspective. Moreover,to prevent long-term activity limitations and participation restrictions after stroke, increased knowledge is neededregarding how engagement in different types of activities develops beyond
Previous studies have shown that the injection of adipose stem cells and stromal vascular fraction(SVF) into the tunica albuginea (TA) during the inflammatory phase in a rat model of Peyronie’s disease(PD) prevented the development of TA fibrosis. Our aim was to investigate whether local injection of SVF can reduce established fibrosis in a rat model of chronic phase of PD. Eighteen-male 12-wk-old
A series of semifluorinated thiols of the general formula CmF2 m +1CnH2 nSH (abbr. FmHnSH) have been synthesized and characterized in Langmuir monolayers with surface pressure-area isotherms, complemented with polarization-modulated reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) te
