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Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major opportunistic pathogen, where the polysaccharide capsule is traditionally recognized as a critical virulence determinant. However, its role in surface interactions and intracellular adaptation remains incompletely understood. Here, we combined phenotypic assays with physicochemical analyses to dissect the contribution of the capsule. A wza knockout mutant displ
Education for sustainability is widely recognised as a critical pathway for driving the transformations needed to address today’s polycrisis. Despite growing theoretical and conceptual advancements in sustainability education, current approaches have not achieved the deep systemic changes required. While university networks and individual institutions increasingly integrate sustainability into the
Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) represent major sites of adaptive immune priming in the intestine, yet our understanding of human GALT diversity and function remains limited. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, and confocal laser microscopy to map the fibroblast (FB) landscape of human GALT, including that of Peyer's patches (PP), mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles (M
Background: Despite progress in the treatment of asthma, there is an unmet need for additional therapeutic strategies, not least to avoid side-effects of corticosteroids. The enzyme MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) hydrolyzes oxidized purines and prevents their insertion to DNA. Small molecule inhibition of MTH1 has shown promising therapeutic effects in both cancer and inflammatory conditions. In this study
The vast majority of patients with pancreatic cancer present with unresectable disease and precision medicine is lagging behind. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising tool, both as a proxy for tumor burden and for capturing tumor heterogeneity, but optimal gene panels and prognostic cutoffs remain to be determined. Herein, we applied ultra-deep ctDNA sequencing using a customize
Resolving the structural dynamics of bond breaking, bond formation, and solvation is required for a deeper understanding of solution-phase chemical reactions. In this work, we investigate the photodissociation of triiodide in four solvents using femtosecond time-resolved X-ray solution scattering following 400 nm photoexcitation. Structural analysis of the scattering data resolves the solvent-depe
PURPOSE: Radiation to the bone and exposure to alkylating agents increases the risk of bone cancer among survivors of childhood cancer, but there is uncertainty regarding the risks of bone tissue radiation doses below 10 Gy and the dose-response relationship for specific types of chemotherapy.METHODS: Twelve European countries contributed 228 cases and 228 matched controls to a nested case-control
BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk score (PRS), calculated based on genome-wide association studies (GWASs), can improve breast cancer (BC) risk assessment. To date, most BC GWASs have been performed in individuals of European (EUR) ancestry, and the generalisation of EUR-based PRS to other populations is a major challenge. In this study, we examined the performance of EUR-based BC PRS models in Ashkenazi
The technical development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the parallel development of targeted therapies in the last decade have enabled a transition from traditional medicine to personalized treatment and care. In this way, by using comprehensive genomic testing, more effective treatments with fewer side effects are provided to each patient—that is, precision or personalized medici
Over the past years, eosinophils have become a focus of scientific interest, especially in the context of their recently uncovered functions (e.g. antiviral, anti-inflammatory, regulatory). These versatile cells display both beneficial and detrimental activities under various physiological and pathological conditions. Eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases which can be class
Background: There is variation in the care provided to men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). There has been no previous set of quality indicators (QIs) regarding the management of men with mPCa. The objective of this study is to develop a set of international mPCa-specific QIs, which will enable global benchmarking of quality of care. Materials and methods: Potential QIs were identified thro
Introduction: This report evaluates whether health related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient-reported arm morbidity one year after axillary surgery are affected by the omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Methods: The ongoing international non-inferiority SENOMAC trial randomizes clinically node-negative breast cancer patients (T1-T3) with 1–2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) macrometasta
Objectives: To compare the outcomes of patients with postcardiotomy shock treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) only compared with VA-ECMO and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). Design: A retrospective multicenter registry study. Setting: At 19 cardiac surgery units. Participants: A total of 615 adult patients who required VA-ECMO from 2010 to 2018. The patients we
Due to the global demographic change many more people will need to work until anolder age, and organisations and enterprises need to implement measures to facilitate an extendedworking life. The aim of this study was to investigate organisational measures and suggestionsto promote and make improvements for a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages in anextended working life. This is a qu
Background: Occupational heat exposure can provoke health problems that increase the risk of certain diseases and affect workers’ ability to maintain healthy and productive lives. This study investigates the effects of occupational heat stress on workers’ physiological strain and labor productivity, as well as examining multiple interventions to mitigate the problem. Methods: We monitored 518 full
Background: Policies that promote aging in place are common in Sweden and many other countries. However, the current housing stock cannot sufficiently accommodate a population aging in place considering how functional capacity and housing needs change as people age. To be suitable for all regardless of their functional ability, housing should be designed or adapted to facilitate the performance of
To make the content of moving images and audio-visual media available to a visually impaired audience, a sighted interpreter can provide audio description (AD). AD is a verbal description of visual events, aiming to increase the accessibility of visual information and to provide a visually impaired audience with a richer and more detailed understanding and experience of, for instance, films. To ac
This introductory chapter provides an overview of seaweed biorefinery opportunities, providing basis for multiple value chains, contributing to nutrition and health of a growing global population, to local job generation and development, to ecosystem services, and not the least to climate change mitigation and adaptation. A unique and rich diversity of the seaweed components provides the basis for
