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Computed tomography (CT) examinations and functional scores were evaluated in 28 patients with thoracolumbar fractures with intraspinal fragments, of whom 20 underwent operation. The cross-sectional area and the sagittal and frontal diameters of the spinal canal were measured after the injury, postoperatively, and at follow-up (mean, 6 years). The operative reduction significantly increased both d
Popular Abstract in Swedish Varje år nydiagnostiseras cirka 2 000 personer med blåscancer i Sverige. Blåscancer drabbar främst män och är för närvarande den femte vanligaste cancerformen bland män efter prostata-, hud,- lung- och koloncancer. Risken att insjukna i blåscancer ökar med ålder och merparten av nydiagnostiserade patienter är över 60 år. Blåscancer är en heterogen sjukdom med avseende pThe general aim of this thesis was to molecularly characterize urothelial carcinoma (UC) at the transcriptional level using gene expression microarrays to improve the classification and pathogenetic understanding of this disease. In the first two studies (Articles I and II), gene expression profiling was used to study dysregulated transcriptional networks in a large cohort of UCs. We also investig
I och med Hu Jintaos och Wen Jiabaos tillträde till makten har den kinesiska regeringens fokus kommit att flyttas från ren ekonomisk utveckling till att i högre grad än tidigare fokusera på att minska klyftorna mellan stad och landsbygd. Denna uppsats undersöker några av de problem som centralregeringen ser på landsbygden idag, samt några av de lösningar som presenterats. I undersökningen av situaSince Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao took office the focus of the Chinese government has been less on pure economic development than before and more on developing the countryside. This paper investigates some of the problems the central government sees in the countryside as well as some of their solutions to those problems. The book The Grain People: Will China’s Villages Disappear? (Liangmin－Zhongguo n
Syftet med uppsatsen är att få ökad kunskap om studenters attityder till försäljning av sexuella tjänster. En enkätundersökning på Lunds universitet har genomförts under våren 2018. Uppsatsen testar hypotesen att kontexten som dessa studenter växt upp i med rådande sexköpslagstiftning utgör en starkare påverkan än trenden med en mer liberal inställning till försäljning av sexuella tjänster. Det teThis essay’s purpose is to gain increased knowledge about students’ attitudes towards the sale of sexual services. An online survey was conducted at Lund’s university during the spring of 2018. The essay tests the hypothesis that the context where these students grew up, with the Swedish sex purchase legislation, constitutes a stronger influence than the trend of a more liberal attitude towards th
Untreated asthma limits the ability to live an active life, still many asthmatics does not have the level of control over their asthma as they could have. In addition, about 50% of the asthmatics use their inhaler incorrectly, which affects the result of the medicine negative. The asthma inhaler is central in an asthmatics living and has great potential for de- velopment towards a modern asthma mo
The Nuremberg Charter introduced corporate criminal liability into international law and the great American Chief Prosecutor Justice Robert Jackson gave a promise that any legal person who commits crimes prescribed by international law shall be prosecuted and punished according to international criminal law. However, during this period of time, a corporation was never prosecuted per se as the sitt
Integrating pollutant detection and degradation into a single material platform is highly desirable for the efficient treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. However, simultaneously achieving sensitive detection and efficient photocatalytic activity remains challenging because these functions involve distinct interfacial processes. In this work, an Ag NPs@Cu-V2O5 hybrid was prepared through wet-
Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term of inflammatory joint diseases in children. Oligoarthritis is the most common form in the Western world, representing roughly 60% of all patients. Monocytes and macrophages play an important role in adult arthritides, but their role in oligoarticular JIA is less studied. Polarization highly influences monocytes’ and macrophages’ ef
Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy with often dismal prognosis; relapse is common despite intense treatment. Here, we used human tumor organoids representing multiple MYCN-amplified high-risk neuroblastomas to perform a high-throughput drug screen with approved or emerging oncology drugs. Tumor-selective effects were calculated using drug sensitivity scores. Several drugs with previously unre
Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) affect 1 in 3000 people worldwide. There are more than 150 different types of NMDs, where the common feature is the loss of muscle strength. These disorders are classified according to their neuroanatomical location, as motor neuron diseases, peripheral nerve diseases, neuromuscular junction diseases, and muscle diseases. Over the years, numerous studies have pointed
AIM: While the scientific evidence in favour of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) dressings on sutured incisions in the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) has increased, the cost-effectiveness after vascular surgery has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of NPWT compared to standard dressings for the prevention of SSIs after open inguin
Ptychographic X-ray imaging at the highest spatial resolution requires an optimal experimental environment, providing a high coherent flux, excellent mechanical stability and a low background in the measured data. This requires, for example, a stable performance of all optical components along the entire beam path, high temperature stability, a robust sample and optics tracking system, and a scatt
The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) observed many open clusters as part of its programme to spectroscopically characterize the various Milky Way populations. GES spectroscopy and Gaia astrometry from its second data release are used here to assign membership probabilities to targets towards 32 open clusters with ages from 1 to 3800 Myr, based on maximum likelihood modelling of the 3D kinematics of the clust
Century-long observed gridded land precipitation datasets are a cornerstone of hydrometeorological research. But recent work has suggested that observed Northern Hemisphere midlatitude (NHML) land mean precipitation does not show evidence of an expected negative response to mid-twentieth-century aerosol forcing. Utilizing observed river discharges, the observed runoff is calculated and compared wi
If genome sequencing is performed in health care, in theory the opportunity arises to take a further look at the data: opportunistic genomic screening (OGS). The European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG) in 2013 recommended that genome analysis should be restricted to the original health problem at least for the time being. Other organizations have argued that ‘actionable’ genetic variants should
Pesticide use is increasing in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and many smallholders purchase, handle, and apply toxic pesticides with inadequate equipment, knowledge, and technical support. Through the frame of environmental justice, this literature-based study analyzes characteristics, impacts, and drivers of smallholder pesticide use in sub-Saharan Africa, with particular attention to Uganda
Summary: Chronic critical lower limb ischemia (CLI) has been defined as ischemia that endangers the leg. An attempt was made to give a precise definition of CLI, based on clinical and hemodynamic data (Second European Consensus). CLI may be easily defined from a clinical point of view as rest pain of the distal foot or gangrene or ulceration. It is probably useful to add leg ulcers of other origin
The Phoenicians were the dominant traders in the Mediterranean Sea two thousand to three thousand years ago and expanded from their homeland in the Levant to establish colonies and trading posts throughout the Mediterranean, but then they disappeared from history. We wished to identify their male genetic traces in modern populations. Therefore, we chose Phoenician-influenced sites on the basis of
Lebanon is an eastern Mediterranean country inhabited by approximately four million people with a wide variety of ethnicities and religions, including Muslim, Christian, and Druze. In the present study, 926 Lebanese men were typed with Y-chromosomal SNP and STR markers, and unusually, male genetic variation within Lebanon was found to be more strongly structured by religious affiliation than by ge
BACKGROUND: Brevican and neurocan are central nervous system-specific extracellular matrix proteoglycans. They are degraded by extracellular enzymes, such as metalloproteinases. However, their degradation profile is largely unexplored in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to quantify proteolytic peptides derived from brevican and neurocan in human CSF of patients with Alzheimer
