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A co-ordinated series of field experiments were conducted to consider the effects of elevated UV-B radiation applied directly to decomposing plant litter. Betula pubescens was decomposed under ambient and elevated UV-B (simulating a 15% ozone depletion) using outdoor irradiation facilities at Adventdalen, Norway (78° N), Abisko, Sweden (68° N), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (52° N,) and Patras, Greec

The EPR and thermodynamic properties of semiquinone (SQ) species stabilized by mammalian succinate:quinone reductase (SQR) in situ in the mitochondrial membrane and in the isolated enzyme have been well documented. The equivalent semiquinones in bacterial membranes have not yet been characterized, either in SQR or quinol:fumarate reductase (QFR) in situ. In this work, we describe an EPR-detectable

Leukotriene ( LT) A(4) hydrolase is a bifunctional zinc metalloenzyme, which converts LTA(4) into the neutrophil chemoattractant LTB4 and also exhibits an anion-dependent aminopeptidase activity. In the x-ray crystal structure of LTA(4) hydrolase, Arg(563) and Lys(565) are found at the entrance of the active center. Here we report that replacement of Arg(563), but not Lys(565), leads to complete a

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a multifunctional acute-phase protein whose natural role seems to be participation in many physiologic and pathological processes. Prolonged increased SAA level in a number of chronic inflammatory and neoplastic diseases gives rise to reactive systemic amyloid A amyloidosis, where the N-terminal 76-amino acid residue-long segment of SAA is deposited as amyloid fibrils. Rec

Popular Abstract in Swedish Komplementsystemet är ett system bestående av cirka 35 proteiner i blodet och på cellytor, som ingår i kroppens medfödda immunförsvar. Det är ett mycket viktigt men också explosivt system, potentiellt skadligt för kroppens egna celler, som kräver strikt reglering. Denna avhandlings huvudaktör, C4b-bindande protein (C4BP), nedreglerar komplementsystemet. C4BP har en ovanThe subject of this thesis is plasma protein C4b-binding protein (C4BP). C4BP is an important regulator of the classical pathway of the complement system, a cascade-like system comprised of over 35 proteins, which partakes in the defence against micro-organisms and is involved of clearance of immune-complexes and apoptotic cells. C4BP contains two different types of subunits, seven identical alfa-

What is the significance of a place at the seashore? What kind of a sense of place does a place by the seashore constitute in the absence of any kind of monumental structures? Today, it is obvious within the archaeological domain that archaeological material culture is not only functional, but also acts as a metaphor for people’s self-perception. In this article, my assumption is that the differen

Popular Abstract in Swedish Melatonin är ett hormon som produceras i, och frisätts från pinealorganet hos ryggradsdjur. Melatoninets viktigaste uppgift är att till hjärnan förmedla signalen om nattens längd, d.v.s vilken årstid det är. Produktionen och frisläppningen sker rytmiskt med den högsta nivån under natten. Melatoninet transporteras ut i kroppen via blodet och binder till särskilda mottaga

BdbD is a thiol: disulfide oxidoreductase (TDOR) from Bacillus subtilis that functions to introduce disulfide bonds in substrate proteins/peptides on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane and, as such, plays a key role in disulfide bond management. Here we demonstrate that the protein is membrane-associated in B. subtilis and present the crystal structure of the soluble part of the protein lacki

Predicted responses of transpiration to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) are highly variable amongst process-based models. To better understand and constrain this variability amongst models, we conducted an intercomparison of 11 ecosystem models applied to data from two forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments at Duke University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We analysed

The quaternary phase Ca5Mg0.95Ag1.05(1)Ge5 (3) was synthesized by high-temperature solid-state techniques, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal diffraction methods in the orthorhombic space group Pnma - Wyckoff sequence c(12) with a = 23.1481(4) Å, b = 4.4736(1) Å, c = 11.0128(2) Å, V = 1140.43(4) Å(3), Z = 4. The crystal structure can be described as linear intergrowths of s

Factor I (FI) is a serine protease that inhibits all complement pathways by degrading activated complement components C3b and C4b. FI functions only in the presence of several cofactors such as factor H, C4b-binding protein, complement receptor 1 and membrane cofactor protein. FI is composed of two chains linked by a disulphide bridge; the light chain comprises only the serine protease (SP) domain