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Towards Gene Therapy of Osteopetrosis.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Osteopetros är ett samlingsnamn för en grupp av sjukdomar som påverkar benombildningen i vår kropp. Denna term kan lätt förväxlas med den betydligt vanligare sjukdomen osteoporos (benskörhet). Trots ordens snarlikhet skiljer sig dessa sjukdomar sig avsevärt från varandra. Osteo är latin för ben och medan poros kan översättas med porös betyder petros sten. Även om de oliThe goal in this thesis is development of gene therapy for malignant infantile osteopetrosis (IMO), a rare but severe genetic bone disease. The concept of osteopetrosis implies dysfunction or lack of osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells in our body, resulting in failure of normal bone breakdown. Although involved in bone remodeling, osteoclasts are of hematopoietic origin and may potentially be t

Högsta Domstolens revolution av narkotikapraxis - En studie om straffvärdebedömningen i narkotikamål

This essay concerns the assessment of penal value in cases regarding narcotic offenses. It particularly concerns the level of guilt as shown by the court for the criminal act and associated factors. In the early 1960's the punishment for narcotic offences were fines or inprisonment for up to two years in accordance with narcoticregulation. With the adoption of the narcotic penal law the maxim

Development of an assay for quantifying A1M rescue of heme treated human kidney cells

Hem och A1M – ett test på liv och död Hem är en av kroppens viktigaste hjälpar-molekyler. När hem är bundet till proteiner hjälper det cellerna att utvinna energi och rensa ut gifter. Det mesta hemet finns i de röda blodkropparna där hem används till att transportera syre i kroppen. Tyvärr är obundet hem giftigt. Det har visat sig att havandeskapsförgiftning, ett tillstånd som kan drabba gravida,

Flattening filter free volumetric modulated arc therapy for extreme hypofractionation of prostate cancer - Decreasing the treatment time and reducing the impact of prostate motion

I skrivande stund är sju olika cancercentra i Sverige, däribland Skånes Universitetssjukhus i Lund, mitt uppe i en gemensam randomiserad studie som undersöker behandling av prostatacancer med två olika strålningsscheman. Patienterna i studien blir slumpvis tilldelade antingen en standardbehandling, där de får en liten mängd strålning vid 39 olika tillfällen, eller en så kallad hypofraktionerad behPurpose: This work examined the feasibility of flattening filter free (FFF) volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for extreme hypofractionation of prostate cancer. The aim was to investigate the potential gain in treatment time per fraction for extreme hypofractionation of prostate cancer, while preserving or improving the treatment plan quality and radiation delivery quality. The impact of intr

Investigation of the native starch-ethyl cellulose film coating for colon targeting

The aim of this study was to optimize a function starch-ethyl cellulose film for targeting the therapeutically active substance to the colon in the disease state for patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases. This study includes: • The preparation of the polymeric films and the investigation of the characterization (for example mechanical properties, water uptake, dry mass loss, and mic

Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation with Equivariance Regularization

Utvecklingen av artificiell intelligens har tagit massiva kliv det senaste årtiondet och tekniken har stor potential att utveckla många områden i samhället. Ett av dessa områden är behandling av cancer i sjukvården. Detta examensarbete introducerar en ny metod för att träna AI-algoritmer att automatiskt dela upp och klassificera olika områden i en bild. Denna metod testas sedan för att markera ut The last decades of research in machine learning and deep learning have lead to enormous advancements in the field. One of the areas that stand to gain the most from this is the medical sector. However, the majority of deep learning models today rely on supervised learning and one considerable bottleneck in the sector's ability to adapt the technology is the need of large labeled datasets. Ins

Förvärvslåneförbudet - en analys

Vid företagsförvärv kan det finnas en önskan hos köparen att låta målbolaget medverka till finansieringen av aktieförvärvet. Möjligheterna till sådan medverkan begränsas emellertid genom det s.k. förvärvslåneförbudet i 21 kap. 5 § aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) enligt vilket aktiebolag inte får ge förskott, lämna lån eller ställa säkerhet (”lån m.m.) i syfte att gäldenären ska förvärva aktier i bolagWhen acquiring shares in a company the buyer may want the target company to contribute to the financing of the acquisition. The means of such contribution is however limited through a prohibition in Chapter 21 Section 5 of the Companies Act (2005:551) according to which a company may not grant advance, provide loans or provide security for loans (“loans etc.”) in order that the debtor or any natur

Kontinuitetsprincipen - En princip som lägger krokben för barnets bästa?

Föräldrabalkens 6 kap. 2 a § stadgar att barnets bästa skall vara avgörande för alla beslut i frågor om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Barnets bästa är en princip som går att finna i såväl internationella dokument som i nationell lagstiftning. Begreppet barnets bästas innebörd är ej uttryckligen definierad i varken de internationella dokumenten, såsom barnkonventionen, eller i svensk nationell lagstAccording to the Swedish parental code 6 chapter 2 a §, the best interest of the child shall be conclusive for all decisions in matters of custody, residency and right to access. The best interest of the child is a principle which can be found in both international documents and in national legislation. The concept of the principle of the best interest of the child is not expressly defined in neit

Imputation Methods in Dialysis Data

Vid de flesta processer som innefattar insamlande av data kan det ibland uppstå problem som gör att all data inte samlas in korrekt. När detta händer uppstår det tomma platser i datan där värden saknas. Det finns många sätt att hantera dessa tomma platser och i många fall kan man bortse från dem. Om ett komplett dataset behövs för analys kan så kallade imputationsmetoder användas för att fylla i dImputation of data is the process of filling in missing values in an incomplete data set. Missing data is a common problem in many fields, not least in clinical research. This report aims to evaluate different methods for imputing missing data in health records of dialysis patients. The imputed data will, in a related project, be used to predict hospitalizations of dialysis patients. The hope is t

Evaluation of the miR30E as a system for RNAi delivery to human hematopoietic stem cells

En liten molekyl med en stor uppgift Alla människor ser olika ut, vi har olika hårfärg, är olika långa och har olika hudfärg. Har du någonsin undrat vad det är som gör dig till dig? Svaret är till stor del dina gener. Vi består av celler och varje cell i din kropp har alla dina gener som behövs för att skapa dig. Man kan likna en gen vid ett recept som cellen använder för att veta hur den ska tiHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are of great importance for the body and can be used to treat diseases such as leukemia or autoimmune conditions. To be able to use HSCs more extensively in therapies we need to know more about how they are being regulated, one way to do this is by knocking down genes with RNA interference. In this project we test a new micro RNA (miRNA), called miR30E, to investiga

Analysis of immune cells in bladder cancer and acute myeloid leukemia and development of analytical protocols

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have drastically improved the prognosis for several cancer patients, but still the exact underlying mechanism behind cancer immune escape and the role of individual immune cell populations remains poorly understood. Thus, further insights into the level of immune cell infiltration in cancers, their functional role, level of activation and maturity are warranted in orde

The Macrophage-Specific Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non- receptor 23 in Intestinal Inflammation

Behandling av kroniska tarmsjukdomar Är PTPN23 lösningen vi har väntat på? Alla har vi sannolikt någon gång lidit av magproblem i form av smärta eller diarré. Att drabbas av kroniska tarmsjukdomar där besvären utgör en vardag är ett globalt problem, och trots att sjukdomarna är vanliga finns idag inget botemedel. I den här studien har vi undersökt om en eliminering av molekylen PTPN23 från makrofThe gastrointestinal tract encounters foreign antigens, commensal bacteria and nutrients on a daily basis. Under steady state conditions, a regulatory immune system maintains gut homeostasis. However, disruption of the balance between regulatory components and defeating invading pathogens leads to overshooting inflammatory reactions that can culminate in chronic and relapsing intestinal inflammati

Critical evaluation of three cryo-EM structures of particulate methane monooxygenase by quantum refinement

Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is an enzyme that converts methane into methanol at ambient temperature and pressure. Over the past three decades, the metal content and location of the active site have been highly controversial. Recent single-particle cryogenic electron-microscopy (cryo-EM) structures have furthered this debate. In this study, three cryo-EM structures (PDB entries 7s4h, 7

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma - tumour characteristics on RNA and protein level associated with prognosis

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent lymphoma subtype. In Sweden 450 new cases are diagnosed annually. With modern anthracycline-containing chemotherapy DLBCL is potentially curable, with an estimated overall cure rate of approximately 50% for patients with advanced stage disease. Through molecular profiling of DLBCL the ?cell-of-origin concept? has been established: patients

Street Art and Public Space : A digital archive

This paper aims to discuss street art as new form of art and activism of uncomissioned and unsanctioned artifacts including paintings, murals and various kinds of stencils, posters, and stickers applied in any public surface. As Bengtsen (2014) has argued street art is a sociocultural practice, which is performative, ephemeral, and site specific. Street art has much to tell us about the dialectics

Half-sandwich complexes with amino-quinoline ligands - synthesis, antiplasmodial and antimycobacterial activities

Popular Abstract in Swedish Malaria och tuberkulos är två av de mest dödliga infektionssjukdomarna i världen. Biologiskt är de två infektionerna mycket olika; malaria orsakas av en encellig parasit, en plasmodium, som sprids mellan personer med hjälp av myggbett, och tuberkulos av en bakterie som sprids via upphostade bakterier. Vidare drabbar malaria vanligtvis blodomloppet medan tuberkulos oftasMalaria and tuberculosis are two of the most deadly infectious diseases that exist. Both diseases predominantly affect the most vunerable parts of society. Additionally the treatment of both diseases are complicated by growing and spreading resistance against the drugs used to treat them. Chloroquine was once described as a wonder drug for its combination of efficacy, low price and tolerable side

Neural Network Approaches To Survival Analysis

Predicting the probable survival for a patient can be very challenging for many diseases. In many forms of cancer, the choice of treatment can be directly impacted by the estimated risk for the patient. This thesis explores different methods to predict the patient's survival chances using artificial neural networks (ANN). ANN is a machine learning technique inspired by how neurons in the brain fu

Can the presence of specialized addiction staff in primary health care increase the number of alcohol-related medical consultations – A controlled intervention study

Background: Few individuals with alcohol use disorders receive treatment. Primary care has been suggested as an arena for early treatment for these disorders. Aim: To evaluate whether the presence of a specialized addiction nurse can increase alcohol-related physician consultations in a primary care setting. Method: This controlled intervention study included one intervention and one control prima

Sensitive Detection of Blood Biomarker Pentraxin 3 – Development and Comparison of Amperometric and Capacitive Biosensors in Flow-Injection Systems

Within clinical diagnostics there is always a need for innovative methods that are rapid, sensitive, and more accurate. In this study two bioanalytical systems have been evaluated for pentraxin 3 (PTX3) detection. PTX3 is a blood biomarker involved in the native immune system that can indicate sepsis, a disease that currently lacks a fast and sensitive analytical method for early detection. Curren