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For pulse combustors of the Helmholtz type, a heat transfer of the order two to five times higher than expected has been reported. Experiments, where the temperature profile in the tail pipe of a pulse combustor has been measured, give Ilo indication why the heat transfer should be enhanced. The interaction between the oscillating velocity field and the oscillating temperature field might explain

The progeny of spontaneous interspecific hybrid sporophytes of Sphagnum were used to analyse the inheritance of cytoplasmic DNA. The analysis showed that only the female parent donated chloroplasts and mitochondria in Sphagnum hybrids. Thus, this is the first study demonstrating maternal cytoplasmic inheritance in a nonvascular land plant. This finding has important implications for phylogenetic r

The thiuram mix used in patch testing originally contains 4 compounds. However, chemical analysis of the test preparation revealed that several new compounds are spontaneously formed during storage. The structures of these compounds have been determined and the rate of their formation has been studied in buffer solution at pH 7.4. After a few hours, a large amount of mixed disulfides are formed in

The oral contraceptive pill is associated with a modest increase in the risk of early-onset breast cancer in the general population, but it is possible that the risk is higher in certain subgroups of women. The relative risk of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive use has been reported to be higher for African-American women than for white women. African-American women also have a high

Our previous studies have indicated that the IgG-binding M-family proteins (IgGBP) of group A streptococci may be involved in eliciting experimental acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in the rabbit. These surface proteins were also found to trigger production of anti-IgG, which might conceivably act to enhance renal deposition of immune complexes (IC). In the present study, a clini

In a comparative investigation, 369 patients operated upon for perforated appendicitis were studied retrospectively. During the period 1973-1979 181 patients with perforated appendicitis, treated at Sundsvall Hospital, were all given postoperative peritoneal lavage, whereas 188 patients with the same diagnosis treated at Skovde Hospital received no such treatment. Appendicectomy was performed in a

Contemporary professions are increasingly challenged to open up to scrutiny from the outside. Earlier research is focused on two main types of responses and consequences: colonization by a managerial logic of self-monitoring and decoupling of auditing and professional practice. his paper describes a different type of response which implies that professionals get actively involved in monitoring the

• Here, cyanobiont selectivity of epiphytic lichen species was examined in an old growth forest area in Finland. • Samples of the eight lichen species were collected from the same aspen (Populus tremula) and adjacent aspens in the same stand. The cyanobionts of these samples were compared with free and symbiotic Nostoc obtained from other habitats and geographic regions. • Our results, based o

BACKGROUND: Early age at first full-term pregnancy and increasing parity are associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. However, whether pregnancy decreases the risk of early-onset hereditary breast cancer is unknown. There is concern that pregnancy may increase breast-cancer risk in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations. We aimed to establish whether pregnancy is a risk factor for

We conducted stable isotope analyses of nitrogen and carbon on feathers obtained from willow warblers in Africa to find an explanation for a previously observed pattern of different delta N-15 and delta C-13 values across a migratory divide in central Scandinavia. A new data set confirms that north Scandinavian birds of the subspecies P. t. acredula have higher delta N-15 values than south Scandin

Macrolides can be clinically effective in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, little is known about how these drugs affect pathophysiological features of CRS in vivo. In the present study, patients with CRS were subjected to long-term treatment with clarithromycin. Nasal lavages with and without histamine (40 and 400 mu g ml(-1)) were carried out prior to and late into the treatment period. His

The effect of a magnetic field on the energy spectrum of a hydrogenic impurity is investigated using a basis expansion technique. Several excited impurity states, of which some are resonant, are found. Lifetimes are calculated and, by including an electric field, we are able to explain forbidden but experimentally observed optical transitions. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

N,N-Dimethylacrylamide is polymerized in the lyotropic surfactant system containing Aerosol-OT (AOT) and water. The polymerization is thermally initiated with AIBN, which allows a homogeneous initiation in this very viscous mixture. The starting mixture contains a lamellar liquid crystalline phase and an isotropic phase in equilibrium. After the polymerization, new phases develop which appear to h

Cross-sections of whole vastus lateralis muscle from 20 men, 19 to 84 years of age, were prepared, and the cross-sectional area (microns2) of 375 type 1 and 375 Type 2 fibres was measured in five different regions throughout each muscle. In muscles from the old individuals, the mean CSA of Type 2 fibres was on average nearly 35% smaller (P less than 0.001) while the mean CSA of Type 1 fibres was o

The pyrimidine catabolic pathway is of crucial importance in cancer patients because it is involved in degradation of several chemotherapeutic drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil; it also is important in plants, unicellular eukaryotes, and bacteria for the degradation of pyrimidine-based biocides/antibiotics. During the last decade we have developed a yeast species, Saccharomyces kluyveri, as a model an

Sweden has experienced many geomagnetically induced current (GIC) events in the past, which is obviously due to the high-latitude location of the country. The largest GIC, almost 300 A, was measured in southern Sweden in the earthing lead of a 400 kV transformer neutral during the magnetic storm on 6 April 2000. On 30 October 2003, the city of Malmo at the southern coast suffered from a power blac