Sökresultat

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandlig undersöks hur mekanisk sträckning påverkar den glatta muskulaturen som omger våra blodkärl. En ökad sträckning av blodkärlen sker till exempel vid högt blodtryck vilket leder till en förändrad struktur av kärlet, så kallad remodellering. Ett annat mekaniskt stimuli utgörs av blodets friktion mot de endotelceller som täcker blodkärlens kontaktyta mot blThe vascular wall has a remarkable capacity to adapt to mechanical forces exerted by the intraluminal blood pressure and flow. This includes rapid change in contractile tone as well as chronic alteration of vessel structure if the stimulus persists. Stretch of the intact blood vessel wall promotes growth and contractile differentiation. The molecular mechanisms involved are not well defined, but c

N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) has been reported to induce photoreceptor-specific degeneration with minimal inner retinal impact in small animals in vivo. Pending its use within a retinal transplantation paradigm, we here explore the effects of MNU on outer and inner retinal neurons and glia in an in vitro large animal model of retinal degeneration. The previously described degenerative culture expl

We present a study of central exclusive production of W+W - pairs in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. We compare the contribution of the γγ → W+W- mechanism with a new mechanism of exclusive diffractive production through the gg → W+W- subprocess with intermediate virtual Higgs boson and quark box diagrams. The amplitude for the latter process is expressed in terms of the off-diagonal unintegr

BACKGROUND: Long commutes by car are stressful. Most research studying health effects of commuting have summarized cross-sectional data for large regions. This study investigated whether the levels of stress and individual characteristics among 30–60 min car commuters were similar across different places within the county of Scania, Sweden, and if there were changes over time. METHODS: The study p

Traumatic brain injury and ischemia can result in marked neuronal degeneration and residual impairment of cerebral function. However, no effective pharmacological treatment directed at tissues of the central nervous system (CNS) for acute intervention has been developed. The detailed pathophysiological cascade leading to -neurodegeneration in these conditions has not been elucidated, but cellular

Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes, comprising macrophages (MΦs) and dendritic cells (DCs), play important roles in the generation and the regulation of immune responses to intestinal antigens, and alterations in the development and/or the function of these cells are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we discuss the role of tumor necrosis factor

The treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in children is controversial, requiring individualized assessment of the patient and consideration of treatment options. If the platelet count is >10 000/μL and the patient is asymptomatic, a 'watch and wait' strategy is appropriate since most children with ITP will recover completely without pharmacotherapy. If therapy is indicated because of

The evolution of a mechanism for attaining reproductive isolation between two diverging populations is a key step in the speciation process. We studied phenotypic variation, genetic differentiation, spatial distribution and reproductive ecology in two sympatric forms of the understorey palm Geonoma macrostachys in lowland tropical rainforest in Amazonian Ecuador. The two forms were morphologically

This thesis investigates the coupling between moisture, heat, and deformation in paperboard. The presented investigations are primarily conducted via macroscale continuum modeling but experimental characterisations are also made. The continuum modeling is presented in a mixture theory framework where the paperboard is considered as a porous media composed of three immiscible phases; a network of c

SIR—Older people with mobility limitations often report more barriers in their outdoor environment than people with intact mobility [1]. However, it is uncertain whether older people perceive their environment as problematic because of their mobility limitations or whether the environmental barriers precede incident mobility limitation, as most studies have been limited to cross-sectional analyses

We have investigated, comparatively, the ontogenetic development of the compound eye in larvae of a mysid (Neomysis) and a euphausiid (Thysanoessa) species and found it to be close to identical in the two species. The larval eye is of apposition type with special adaptations for planktonic life. The elongated dioptric apparatus is devoid of screening pigment and instead has a proximal lens optical

A novel pilot-control globe valve, which can be used in vertical pipelines with a lower driving energy consumption, is proposed. A governing equation for valve core motion is obtained through a theoretical analysis of the forces applied on the valve core. A 3D simulation of valve core motion is conducted in Fluent by using User Defined Function (UDF) to involve different spring stiffness, steady s

Mesocrystals composed of crystallographically aligned nanocrystals are present in biominerals and assembled materials which show strongly directional properties of importance for mechanical protection and functional devices. Mesocrystals are commonly formed by complex biomineralization processes and can also be generated by assembly of anisotropic nanocrystals. Here, we follow the evaporation-indu

The sensory axons of the adult frog sciatic nerve have earlier been shown to regenerate in vitro. If a local test crush is made at the initiation of culturing, regeneration starts after 3.4 days and proceeds at a rate of about 0.8-0.9 mm/day for several days. In the present experiments regeneration was inhibited by adenosine in a reversible and dose-dependent fashion. Similarly, both an adenosine

Neck-banded Greylag Geese Anser anser breeding in southwest Sweden were studied from 1984–2012 inclusive, to determine annual variation in the number of breeding pairs, reproductive success and survival rates, as part of a larger programme of monitoring individual geese across the Nordic countries. Numbers breeding in the study area increased from 120 pairs in 1984 to 1,240 pairs in 2008, followed

The Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus was a rare breeding species in Sweden during the early years of the 20th century, when total numbers likely consisted of only 20 pairs. Recent decades have however seen a marked increase in numbers and a spread in the swans’ distribution, with the number of pairs breeding in the two northernmost provinces rising from 310 to 2,700 pairs between two main surveys, in 19