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In order to measure dust's nutrient input on farmland in different agro-ecological zones, Harmattan dust was sampled by mats with plastic straw in Ghana between 2002-2006. The inputs of total nutrients by Harmattan dust in Ghana per Harmattan period were about 1-2 kg Ca ha-1, 0.5-2 kg K ha-1, 0.5-1.5 kg Mg ha-1 and less than 0.5 kg P ha-1. Compared with the annual input of nutrients by precipitati
210Pb is a radioactive lead isotope present in the environment as member of the 238U decay chain. Since it is a relatively long-lived radionuclide (T1/2 = 22.2 years), its analysis is of interest in radiation protection and the geochronology of sediments and artwork. Here, we present a method for analysing 210Pb using plastic scintillation resins (PSresins) packaged in solid-phase extraction colu
Background: The rate of lung-function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies substantially among individuals. We sought to develop and validate an individualized prediction model for forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) in current smokers with mild-to-moderate COPD. Methods: Using data from a large long-term clinical trial (the Lung Health Study), we derived mixed-ef
Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. HD is an inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder manifested by the wide array of motor dysfunctions, as well as non-motor symptoms. The latter include metabolic dysfunction and psychiatric deficits, such as depression and anxiety, are often observed in patients andanimal models of HD
A detailed understanding of the dynamic processes of vehicular radio channels is crucial for its realistic modeling. In this paper, we present multipath components (MPCs) tracking results from a channel sounder measurement with 1-GHz bandwidth at a carrier frequency of 5.7 GHz. We describe in detail the applied algorithms and perform a tracking performance evaluation based on artificial channels a
Targeted genome editing technology can correct the sickle cell disease mutation of the β-globin gene in hematopoietic stem cells. This correction supports production of red blood cells that synthesize normal hemoglobin proteins. Here, we demonstrate that Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) and the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 nuclease
1. The presence of N-acetyltransferase in the crayfish brain (Pacifastacus leniusculus) was investigated. The arylalkylamines tryptamine and 14C-serotonin, are acetylated by crayfish brain homogenates with the acetyl donors 3H-acetyl coenzyme A and N, S-diacetylcysteamine, respectively.2. Resolution of serotonin metabolites by thin layer chromatography (chloroform/methanol/glacial acetic acid, 93
Latent autoimmune diabetes of the adults (LADA) accounts for up to 12% of all patients with diabetes. Initially the disease resembles type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the typical presence of β cell autoantibodies indicates an autoimmune basis of LADA. While dysfunctional regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in autoimmune diabetes, these cells have been scarcely studied in LADA. The aim o
The main objective of this paper is to study the characteristics of flow-induced noise in high pressure reducing valve (HPRV) and to provide some guidance for noise control. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), numerical method was used to compute flow field. Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings Model was applied to obtain acoustic signals. The unsteady flow field shows that noise sources are loca
Esophageal perforation is associated with significant mortality, and this may markedly increase with advanced age. This multicenter study investigates this issue in patients older than 80 years. Data on 33 patients >80 years old who underwent conservative (10 patients), endoclip (one patient), stent grafting (11 patients), or surgical treatment (11 patients) for esophageal perforation were collect
Systemic inflammation causes malaise and general feelings of discomfort. This fundamental aspect of the sickness response reduces the quality of life for people suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases and is a nuisance during mild infections like common colds or the flu. To investigate how inflammation is perceived as unpleasant and causes negative affect, we used a behavioral test in which m
The objective of this study was to describe the natural history of HIV-1 RNA load in vertically HIV-1-infected children. HIV-1 RNA in 156 plasma or serum samples (1-14, median 4 from each child) from 32 vertically HIV-1-infected children was detected with the NASBA® technique (Organon Teknika, The Netherlands). Twenty-one children were prospectively followed from birth, and 11 were identified and
Arsenic, a carcinogen with immunotoxic effects, is a common contaminant of drinking water and certain food worldwide. We hypothesized that chronic arsenic exposure alters gene expression, potentially by altering DNA methylation of genes encoding central components of the immune system. We therefore analyzed the transcriptomes (by RNA sequencing) and methylomes (by target-enrichment next-generation
PURPOSE: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is derived from a tissue with a remarkable capacity for vectorial transport. We therefore performed an unbiased exploration of transporter proteins in normal kidney and kidney cancer in order to discover novel clinical targets.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using the TCGA database we investigated differences in membrane transporter expression in ccRCC and normal kidney. W
Background: Hemodynamic instability responsive to fluid resuscitation is common after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), also in the absence of systemic hemorrhage. The present study tests if an isolated severe TBI induces a decrease in plasma volume (PV). Methods: The study was performed in three groups of anesthetized and tracheostomized male cats (n = 21). In one group (n = 8), the cats were prepa
The energy and rapidity dependence of the average transverse momentum (pT) in pp and pA collisions at energies currently available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are estimated using the color glass condensate (CGC) formalism. We update previous predictions for the pT spectra using the hybrid formalism of the CGC approach and two phenomenologi
With the fluorescence method of Falck and Hillarp, the presence and localization of monoaminergic neurons in the optic ganglia of several crustaceans and insects have been investigated. It was found that in both classes the monoaminergic terminals, when present, appeared (especially in the medullae externa and interna of the crustaceans and the medulla of the insects) in strata specific for each s
Previous research has shown that it is possible to decarbonise Sweden's road transport sector. This study develops a scenario based method and analyses the influence of external factors on energy security, focusing on passenger and freight transport. It does so by analysing the vulnerabilities and capabilities of five different climate mitigation strategies, investigating previous security scenariPrevious research has shown that it is possible to decarbonise Sweden's road transport sector. This study develops a scenario based method and analyses the influence of external factors on energy security, focusing on passenger and freight transport. It does so by analysing the vulnerabilities and capabilities of five different climate mitigation strategies, investigating previous security scenari
The adult frog sciatic nerve offers several advantages as an in vitro model to study nerve regeneration. The nerve with the attached dorsal root ganglia can easily be isolated and incubated in a culture medium for several days. If the nerve is subjected to a crush immediately after dissection there is a delay of 3.4 days after which the sensory axons start to regenerate into the distal nerve stump
