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Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of species diversity is a central pursuit in ecology. It has been hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (EcM) in contrast to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce tree species diversity in local communities, which remains to be tested at the global scale. To address this gap, we analyzed global forest inventory data and revealed that the relations
The transport of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (bDOC) across land-water boundaries is central to supporting the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, we know little about how the generation and supply of terrestrial bDOC to streams and lakes is regulated by the physical, biological, and hydrological properties of the riparian interface. Here, we assessed
Accurate accounting of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions and removals is central to tracking progress toward climate mitigation and for monitoring potential climate-change feedbacks. GHG budgeting and reporting can follow either the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodologies for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) reporting or use atmospheric-based “top-down” (TD) inversions or pro
Boreal rivers and streams are significant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) for the atmosphere. Yet the controls and the magnitude of these emissions remain highly uncertain, as current estimates are mostly based on indirect and discrete flux measurements. In this study, we present and analyse the longest CO2 and the first ever CH4 flux dataset measured by the eddy covariance (EC)
The water level-area-storage volume (Z-A-V) relationship serves as the cornerstone of reservoir operations, governing water allocation, flood mitigation, and power generation. Sedimentation-induced capacity alterations can progressively degrade Z-A-V accuracy, yet systematic curve updates remain inadequately implemented across developing nations. Traditional reconstruction approaches face inherent
Forest loss, fragmentation, and transformation negatively impact forest biodiversity and ecosystem functionality worldwide. Improving landscape intactness and connectivity through restoration is critical. Determining where to restore remains, however, a challenge. As an approach for prioritizing restoration areas, we define connectivity forest (CFs) as forests outside recognized high conservation
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avsaltning av havsvatten utgör en viktig källa för vattenförsörjning till befolkningen som bor vid Persiska viken, Medelhavet och Röda havet. De tre regionerna utgör ca 11,8 % av världens landyta och hade omkring 9 % av världens befolkning under 1950 och 2008, samt lika mycket enligt prognos för år 2050. Dessa områden är hemvist för 62 %, 58% och 60% av världens avsaltnIn this M.Sc. Thesis of a comparison for sewerage system of the three main municipalities of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (T R N C) has been studied and discussed. The study covers the future population calculations for three municipalities, Nicosia, Famagusta and Kyrenia, by means of Turkish and European standards. The comparisons for sewerage system of the three municipalities are compare
Accurate evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is vital for hydrological modeling, yet remotely sensed ET (RS-ET) products are often limited by algorithmic uncertainties and sensor biases. To mitigate error propagation and better capture spatial patterns, this study introduces the Composite Efficiency of Absolute ET and Spatial Autocorrelation (CEASA) —a dual-constraint framework that integrates abso
Accurate reservoir dynamics, particularly water storage and inflow, are crucial for release decisions and operation rule assessments. However, the lack of sufficient monitoring data has hindered the accurate representation of reservoir behavior in hydrological models. While the increasing availability of satellite imagery provides unprecedented opportunities for dynamic reservoir monitoring, its p
BACKGROUND: Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) is a pro-inflammatory mediator primarily released from neutrophils. Previous studies have revealed associations between plasma calprotectin, disease severity and in-hospital mortality in unselected COVID-19 patients.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess whether plasma calprotectin dynamics during the first week of intensive care are associated with mortality and functi
Background: Research suggests that incident dementia is decreasing, yet researchon secular trends of prodromal dementia such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) islacking.Methods: To determine change ofMCI prevalence over time and potential explanatoryfactors, four baseline samples (years 2001–2020) of Swedish participants (n = 3910)aged 60 and 81 at examination were compared.Results: An overall dr
Field studies reveal that the woody surfaces of upland trees are a substantial global sink for methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The findings help to fill a hole in the global methane budget and should improve the accuracy of climate models.
This article summarises the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in
INTRODUCTION: Symptom distress after heart transplantation (HTx) is a significant problem causing uncertainty, low self-efficacy, and psychological distress. Few studies have addressed self-reported symptoms. The aim was to explore self-reported symptom distress from time on the waiting list to 5 years after HTx and its association with self-reported psychological well-being, chronic pain, and fat
The complex topography in mountainous regions, exemplified by factors like slope aspect, leads to noticeable variations in vegetation patterns, which are fundamental for understanding mountain ecosystems. However, a consistent global-scale quantification of topography's influence on vegetation patterns is still lacking. Here, we utilize two phenological metrics as proxies for vegetation-maximum ve
Intra-islet crosstalk has become a focus area to fully understand the regulation of insulin secretion and impaired β-cell function in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we put forward evidence for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) as a potential protein involved in autocrine and paracrine β-cell regulation. We showed presence of IGFBP7 in granules of both human α- and β-cells and mea
This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in
Microorganisms play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including metabolism, immune defense, nutrition absorption, defense against cancer, and protection against pathogen colonization. Changes in microbial communities serve as potential biomarkers for diseases, offering significant insights into disease treatment and diagnosis. However, the association between microorganisms and di
In the low deposition situation of today at many of the long-term Swedish forest monitoring sites, the deposition measured as precipitation to the open field, i.e. bulk deposition of oxidized sulphur (S) is often higher or equal to deposition of S sampled under the forest canopies, i.e. as throughfall. This suggests that the total S deposition estimated using throughfall is underestimated. The rea
