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OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study examines a possible causal effect between type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by using measurements on four occasions from the Swedish Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) together with nationwide healthcare registers.METHODS: This was a longitudinal study based on a random sample of men and women (n = 2014) from the Swedish population w
Background: Diet may impact important risk factors for endometrial cancer such as obesity and inflammation. However, evidence on the role of specific dietary factors is limited. We investigated associations between dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: This analysis includes 1,886 incident endometrial ca
Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, with considerable societal and economic implications. Healthy aging is accompanied by changes in functional connectivity between and within resting-state functional networks, which have been associated with cognitive decline. However, there is no consensus on the impact of sex on these age-related functional trajector
Assessing the causal effects of individual dietary macronutrients and cardiometabolic disease is challenging owing to the complexity to distinguish direct effects from those mediated or confounded by other factors. To estimate these effects, intake of protein, carbohydrate, sugar, fat, and its subtypes were obtained using food frequency data derived from a Swedish population-based cohort (n~60,000
Most patients with ovarian cancer experience recurrence and develop resistance to platinum-based agents. The diagnosis of platinum resistance based on the platinum-free interval is not always accurate and timely in clinical settings. Herein, we used laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to visualize the platinum distribution in the ovarian cancer tissues at the time of interv
Background: Hypertension remains a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We hypothesize that appropriate mechanotransduction and contractile function in vascular smooth muscle cells are crucial to maintain vascular wall integrity. The Hippo pathway effectors YAP (yes-associated protein 1) and TAZ (WW domain containing transcription re
This study focuses on the trends and the causes of variation in actual evapotranspiration (AET) around the warming hiatus over China by a comprehensive analysis applying various temporal–spatial methods. It is observed that the annual AET showed a different trend around 2000 for China as a whole. By employing segmented regression analysis for detecting warming hiatus points, high temporal inconsis
Increased wealth and per capita energy use have transformed lives and shaped societies, but energy poverty remains a global challenge. Previous research has shown positive relationships among metrics of health and happiness and economic indices such as income and gross domestic product and between energy use and human development. To our knowledge, however, no comprehensive assessment has examined
We present a statistical mechanics theory of rubber-like elasticity in swollen and unswollen polymer networks characterized by explicitly non-Gaussian distribution functions (Laplace's, Cauchy's, and continuous Poisson's in the exponential limit). An important outcome is the derivation of new families of statistical and mechanical laws, including a discussion of energy functions of strain invarian
Peatlands have acted as net CO2 sinks over millennia, exerting a global climate cooling effect. Rapid warming at northern latitudes, where peatlands are abundant, can disturb their CO2 sink function. Here we show that sensitivity of peatland net CO2 exchange to warming changes in sign and magnitude across seasons, resulting in complex net CO2 sink responses. We use multiannual net CO2 exchange obs
Importance: Novel plasma biomarkers, especially phosphorylated tau (p-tau), can detect brain tau aggregates in Alzheimer disease. Objective: To determine which plasma biomarker combinations can accurately detect tau pathological brain changes in Down syndrome (DS). Design, Setting, and Participants: The cross-sectional, multicenter Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome study included adul
The production of prompt D0, Ds+, and Λc+ hadrons, and their ratios, Ds+/D0 and Λc+/D0, are measured in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed as a function of the charm-hadron transverse momentum (pT) in intervals of charged-particle multiplicity, measured with two multiplicity estimators covering different
What is the relationship between trust and the quality of political institutions in a society? According to an influential cultural perspective, social trust—the belief that most people can be trusted—is a value inculcated during individuals’ formative years, and remains fixed afterward. A second perspective holds that social trust reflects experiences throughout the life course, particularly inte
Earth's forests harbor extensive biodiversity and are currently a major carbon sink. Forest conservation and restoration can help mitigate climate change; however, climate change could fundamentally imperil forests in many regions and undermine their ability to provide such mitigation. The extent of climate risks facing forests has not been synthesized globally nor have different approaches to qua
In 2017, the Danish parliament discussed prayer rooms at educational institutions in a broadly publicised controversy. The debate followed a series of issues arising from such institutions’ changing demography, resulting in increased Muslim presence. Beneath the public and parliamentary debate in 2017, civil servants in ministries and educational institutions became highly engaged in negotiating w
Aims: Little is known how insulin secretion and action change over time in populations of different ethnicities. We studied changes in insulin secretion and action with increasing age in Iraqi-born immigrants and native Swedes, and investigated if the changes were modified by region of origin.Methods: Residents of Malmö, 30-75 years of age born in Iraq or Sweden, were invited to participate in thi
BACKGROUND: Antibody-based constructs for molecular imaging and therapeutic delivery provide promising opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVES: The authors aimed to generate and characterize immunoglobulin (Ig)G monoclonal autoantibodies in atherosclerosis for targeting of novel molecular determinants.METHODS: The authors created hybridomas from an unimmunized l
With the abundance of observations and advancement in modeling, temperate regions allow for a comprehensive comparison of the data-driven and process-based methods of carbon budget estimation. This chapter presents a review of the latest methodologies for carbon budget and component flux estimation, and the key components in the temperate carbon budget, such as forest regrowth, and summarizes unce
This paper explores the history of wind power technologies and the integration of wind energy in the Danish energy system. It does so focusing particularly on historical events, socio-cultural and socio-political changes and priorities that were important on this technological journey. From the first primitive wind turbines in the late 1800s, to the world wars, through the energy- crisis in the 70
