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BACKGROUND: Obesity is positively associated with colorectal cancer. Recently, body size subtypes categorised by the prevalence of hyperinsulinaemia have been defined, and metabolically healthy overweight/obese individuals (without hyperinsulinaemia) have been suggested to be at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than their metabolically unhealthy (hyperinsulinaemic) overweight/obese counterpart

OBJECTIVE: Lipids are central to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Specifically, which lipids are culprits remains controversial, and promising targets have failed in clinical studies. Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids present in atherosclerotic plaques, and they have been suggested to have both proatherogenic and antiatherogenic. However, the biological effects of these lipids remain u

The latent heat flux (LE) between the terrestrial biosphere and atmosphere is a major driver of the global hydrological cycle. In this study, we evaluated LE simulations by 45 general circulation models (GCMs) in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) by a comparison with eddy covariance (EC) observations from 240 globally distributed sites from 2000 to 2009. In addition, we imp

Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Women who develops hyperglycemia for the first time during pregnancy receive the diagnosis gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Presently, there is no consensus about the diagnostic criteria for GDM. A majority of these women subsequently develop postpartum overt diabetes making it important to identify these patients

Genetic risk scores (GRSs) have been associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in large studies. We asked whether expanding an established 27-variant GRS (GRS27) to a 50-variant GRS (GRS50) improved CHD prediction and whether GRSs are independent of self-reported family history of CHD.

Abstract. Cervin C, Axler O, Holmkvist J, Almgren P, Rantala E, Tuomi T, Groop L, Dahlbäck B, Karlsson E (Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark, University of Helsinki; and Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland). An investigation of serum concentration of apoM as a potential MODY3 marker using a novel ELISA. J Intern Med 2009; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.200

BACKGROUND: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a key enzyme in the mobilization of energy in the form of fatty acids from intracellular stores of neutral lipids. The enzyme has been shown to exist in different isoforms with different molecular masses (84 kDa, 89 kDa and 117 kDa) expressed in a tissue-dependent manner, where the predominant 84 kDa form in adipocytes is the most extensively studied.

We investigate the potential of different pre-fetching and/or caching strategies for different user behaviour with respect to surfing or browsing in a catch-up-TV network. To this end we identify accounts and channels associated with strong or weak surfing or browsing respectively and study the distributions of hold times for the different types of behaviour. Finally we present results from a requ

Background: Type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular disease complications are the major public health threats of our century. Although physical activity and dietary changes are the cornerstones in prevention of diabetes, their broad implementation is not elementary and other complementary lifestyle regimens are needed. Summary: Vasopressin (VP) is the main regulator of body water homeostasis, and a

Background - Cardiovascular risk factors tend to aggregate. The biological and predictive value of this aggregation is questioned and genetics could shed light on this debate. Our aims were to reappraise the impact of risk factor confluence on ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk by testing whether genetic risk scores (GRSs) associated with these factors interact on an additive or multiplicative scal

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have generated considerable interest in glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP; gene name GCKR) which is an inhibitor of hepatic glucokinase (GCK), an enzyme that plays a critical role in glucose update and disposal in liver. From the initial discovery of GCKR variants associated with triglyceride and glucose levels through the identification of pleiotropic ass

Usually, allocation of resources is an optimization problem which involves a variety of conflicting economic, social, and ecological objectives. In such a process, advanced geographic analyst tool for manipulation of spatial data and satisfaction of multiple objectives is essential to the success of decision-making. The present research intends to demonstrate the application of a multiobjective op

Despite the potential cancer preventive effects of flavonoids and lignans, their ability to reduce pancreatic cancer risk has not been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. Our aim was to examine the association between dietary intakes of flavonoids and lignans and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. A total of 865 exocrine p

Background There is a great need for a simple and clinically useful instrument to help physicians estimate the probability of survival to discharge with a good neurological outcome (cerebral performance category, CPC = 1) in cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Our aim was to validate the “Good Outcome Following Attempted Resuscitation” (GO-FAR) score in a different country with different d