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Background: As new combinations of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) become available for the treatment of asthma, it will be important to determine criteria against which they can be evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess which attributes of combination therapy physicians consider most important. Methods: Primary and secondary care asthma specialists
Background: This study was performed to explore whether or not a neural reflex linking the esophagus and the nasal airway exists, as a pathogenic mechanism accounting for the association between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). A prospective trial of healthy human volunteers was performed. Methods: Ten healthy volunteers without GER or sinonasal disease were
Canine babesiosis is a severe and potentially life threatening infection. In Europe, Babesia canis is considered to be the most common species responsible for the disease. We report two cases of babesiosis caused by Babesia gibsoni. The polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and further sequencing of 18S rRNA gene fragments from blood samples of both dogs reve
Aims: To compare the diagnostic usefulness of tuning fork, monofilament, biothesiometer and skin biopsies in peripheral neuropathy in individuals with varying glucose metabolism. Methods: Normoglycaemic, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) individuals were recruited. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and thermal threshold tests were performed. Vibrotactile sense was tested wit
BackgroundThe steroid-receptor coactivator amplified in breast cancer one (AIB1) is implicated to be a prognostic factor, although the results are not unanimous. Recently its effect was suggested to be modified by paired box 2 gene product (PAX2).Patients and methodsUsing immunohistochemistry (IHC) AIB1 and PAX2 were investigated in two cohorts of early breast cancer, including systemically untrea
Sensitive and non-intrusive detection of gas-phase methanol with high spatial and temporal resolution has for the first time been reported using mid-infrared degenerate four-wave mixing (IR-DFWM). IR-DFWM spectra of methanol have been successfully recorded in nitrogen-diluted gas flows at room temperature and at 300 A degrees C, by probing ro-vibrational transitions belonging to the fundamental C-
The microstructures of annealed GaAs layers containing 0.1%, 0.5% and 2% Mn are studied using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 270 ◦C. After heat treatment at 400, 560 and 630 ◦C, they are found to contain precipitate complexes of cubic or hexagonal (Mn, Ga) As, orthorhombic or rhombohedral As and voids. Information abo
This article investigates the many female figures mentioned in the Interpreta- tion of Knowledge, the first text of Nag Hammadi Codex XI. The different female figures are identified and the connection between them is clarified. It is argued that the different female characters are part of a version of the Valentinian myth of the falling of the youngest Aeon, which resulted in the wandering astray
The first example of the reaction of an isolated gold(I) complex with an aryl halide to form a C-C bond is reported. The reactivity of (NHC) Au(I)-R complexes towards a wide range of electrophiles was investigated. The Au-C sigma-bond is shown to exhibit low nucleophilicity, but it is reactive towards MeI and MeOTf to form toluene, biphenyl and ethane, most likely through an oxidative mechanism. C
The thermal stress of the internally finned bayonet tube used for high temperature heat exchangers is numerically investigated by ANSYS software. Three kinds of lateral fin profiles, namely Z-shape, S-shape and V-shape are studied and compared. The significant temperature gradient and largest Von Mises stress are acquired. The largest stress is still generated in the joint of inner fin and outer t
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is negative for anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) is a subentity of RA, characterized by less severe disease. At the individual level, however, considerable differences in the severity of joint destruction occur. We performed a study on genetic factors underlying the differences in joint destruction in ACPA-negative patients.
This paper develops an accounting framework to consider the effect of deaths on the longitudinal analysis of income-related health inequalities. Ignoring deaths or using Inverse Probability Weights (IPWs) to re-weight the sample for mortality-related attrition can produce misleading results. Incorporating deaths into the longitudinal analysis of income-related health inequalities provides a more c
A variety of analyses, including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and array CGH (aCGH), have been performed on a series of chordomas from 181 patients. Twelve of 181 (7%) tumours displayed amplification of the T locus and an additional two cases showed focal amplification; 70/181 (39%) tumours were polysomic for chromosome 6, and 8/181 (4.5%) primary tumours showe
The release of acetic acid due to deacetylation of the hemicellulose fraction during the treatment of lignocellulosic biomass contributes to the inhibitory character of the generated hydrolysates. In the present study, we identified a strain-independent adaptation protocol consisting of pre-cultivating the strain at pH 5.0 in the presence of at least 4 g L(-1) acetic acid that enabled aerobic grow
We demonstrate the control of near-field localization within individual silver nanocubes through photoemission electron microscopy combined with broadband, few-cycle laser pulses. We find that the near-field is concentrated at the corners of the cubes, and that it can be efficiently localized to different individual corners depending on the polarization of the incoming light. The experimental resu
While sub-continuum heat conduction becomes more important as the size of micro/nanodevices keeps shrinking under the mean free path of heat carriers, its computation still remains challenging to the general engineering community due to the lack of easily accessible numerical simulation tools. To address this challenge, this article reports the finite element analysis (FEA) of transient ballistic-
The frictional behavior of a number of conventional tool materials used in the sheet forming industry has been studied by a recently developed tribotester based on flat-die strip drawing. The main objective was to study the frictional performance of the materials and correlate the tribological behavior mainly to the microstructure. Tooling materials tested ranged from powder metallurgical tool ste
