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Background: Osteoporosis is a common bone disease, which does not give symptoms until the ultimate outcome, the fragility fracture occurs. Regulation of bone mass is controlled by genetic, environmental and nutritional influences. Peak bone mass, defined as the maximum bone mass accrued, is usually reached by the third decade of life and is an important determinant of future osteoporotic fracture.

Regional climate models (RCMs) are used for forecasting future climate including precipitation characteristics. Performances of five different RCMs for predicting the precipitation characteristics for Gothenburg, Sweden were evaluated against the daily observed precipitation over the period 1961 to 2009. Statistical analysis was done on annual, monthly, multi-daily, and daily data. The statistical

We propose an energy-based framework for approximating surfaces from a cloud of point measurements corrupted by noise and outliers. Our energy assigns a tangent plane to each (noisy) data point by minimizing the squared distances to the points and the irregularity of the surface implicitly defined by the tangent planes. In order to avoid the well-known "shrinking" bias associated with first-order

The Lepidoptera fauna of the Danish island of Anholt is surveyed, and 1160 species are recorded. Anholt is situated in Kattegat 44 km from Denmark and 47 km from Sweden. The history and environment of the island are briefly discussed, with special focus on the flora, and earlier studies of the Lepidopterera fauna of Anholt are dealt with. The present study is in first hand based on material collec

The g factors of the first excited 2(+) states in the Sn-112,Sn-114,Sn-116,Sn-122,Sn-124 isotopes have been measured with high accuracy using the transient field technique in combination with Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The experimental results are discussed in a qualitative way on the basis of empirical single-particle g factors of the relevant proton and neutron orbitals and are co

Popular Abstract in Swedish För firande av mässa i den katolska kyrkan krävs ett altare av sten. Altaret ska invigas av en biskop enligt en viss ritual. Ett viktigt element i altarinvigningsritualen är placeringen av reliker i altarets inre. Före reformationen på 1500-talet gällde denna regel även i Norden. Trots altarnas centrala betydelse i den medeltida nordiska kyrkan har de ägnats liten uppmäThis dissertation deals with the subject of altars in the churches of the medieval diocese of Lund. The main work on altars in the Catholic church is Joseph Braun´s Der christliche Altar in seiner geschichtlichen Entwicklung (1924). However, despite its extensive content it does not deal with the conditions in Northern Europe. The general aim of this dissertation is to broaden our knowledge about

A simple and fast method is presented to be used for example in studies on the relationship between serum levels of persistent organic pollutants and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method is based on liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography coupled with high.-resolution mass spectrometry. In the sample pretreatment special attention was paid to minimize the number of sample manipulation steps an

The sustainable development of a software product depends on a number of groups working together to achieve a common goal. However, each of the groups interacts with the product in different ways, and can have conflicting aims and objectives. For example, developers trying to correct issues in the software architecture, which will impact future releases of the product, can be stopped by a project

At the end of the eighteenth century, Edward Gibbon described the antiquarian scholars of previous generations as men of “profound learning and easy faith.” His exemplar was the Swedish polymath Olof Rudbeck, who in a series of frantic and combative tomes sought to portray Sweden as the model for Plato’s Atlantis and the seething cultural cauldron from which Western civilization had emerged. A Pil

Policies for handling cases of penicillin-non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) in day-care groups vary between different counties in Sweden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological effect of excluding PNSP-carriers from children's day-care centres (DCC). We followed the incidence in 14 DCC groups with ongoing PNSP-spread, by repeated group screens until no further case

It is of central interest in membrane proteomics to establish methods that combine efficient solubilization with enrichment of proteins and intact protein complexes. We have investigated the quantitative and qualitative solubilization efficiency of five commercially available detergents using mitochondria from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model system. Combining the zwitterionic detergent

Formed in the aftermath of the Second World War, the UN and its Security Council was given the primary responsibility for maintenance of international peace and security. Still today, sixty years later, the composition of permanent members in the Council has remained the same. A debate has been raging within the UN about the role of the Security Council. Special concern has been directed towards t

Frågan om restprodukter – ämnen eller material som oavsiktligt framställts i en produktionsprocess – ska utgöra avfall eller inte är en omdebatterad fråga i EU:s avfallslagstiftning. EU-domstolen har tagit upp frågan i ett flertal mål och genom sin praxis ställt upp kriterier som utgör en princip för när en restprodukt utgör en biprodukt och inte ett avfall – i detta arbete benämnt biproduktprinciThe question if a residual substance – a material that has been unintentionally produced in a production process – should be regarded as a waste is a heavily debated question in EU waste legislation. The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has brought the question to attention in a number of cases, and has through its case law put forward a number of criteria as to when a residual substance shall be c

Purpose – This paper aims to contribute to the development and understanding of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by discussing two interrelated characteristics of current literature: a tendency in discourses to portray CSR as equal to the societal activities displayed by and demanded from large, multinational firms; and an increasing focus on and description of “small firm CSR” in research. T

The evolution of the traditional nuclear magic numbers away from the valley of stability is an active field of research. Experimental efforts focus on providing key spectroscopic information that will shed light into the structure of exotic nuclei and understanding the driving mechanism behind the shell evolution. In this work, we investigate the Z=6 spin-orbit shell gap towards the neutron dripli

This paper conducts an economical evaluation of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) under different proposed mitigation measures, including new legal standards, such as a lower satellite explosion rate and restrictions on the number of launches. The computer model, GEO-EVOL^{1 and 2}, was used to run different mitigation scenarios. The simulation result shows that the re-orbit maneuvering

Popular Abstract in Swedish Cancer i levern kan vara av två typer - antingen kan den ha sitt ursprung från levern och kallas primär levercancer eller också är den en spridning av tumör till levern från en annan plats i kroppen, s k dottersvulst eller metastas. Idag är kirurgi av tumörer i levern förstahandsbehandling, men tyvärr är det bara 1/10 patienter som har tumör i levern som kan bli aktuell

Popular Abstract in Swedish Effektiv sökning och sortering är byggstenar som används vid nästan all algoritmdesign. Sökrutiner och sorteringrutiner implementeras ofta slentrianmässigt med hjälp av algoritmer som bygger på parvisa jämförelser mellan element. I denna avhandling argumenterar vi för att algoritmer som också utnyttjar elementens interna struktur är överlägsna i många avseenden, både prEfficient sorting and searching are corner-stones in algorithm design. In computer science it has become a deep-rooted habit to use comparison-based methods to solve these problems. In this thesis we argue that radix sorting and searching algorithms are superior in many respects, both practical and theoretical. They are often remarkably simple and many, if not most, sorting and searching problems