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A historical overview highlights the evolutionary nature of developments in accident investigations in the transport industry. Based on a series of major events outside transportation, the concept of accident investigations has broadened to other domains and to a widening of the scope of the investigation. Consequently, existing investigation boards are forced to adapt their mandates, missions and
Women farmers make up a majority of small-scale food producers in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite their important role in the food and livelihood security of their households and communities, women continue to face substantial challenges in their rights of and access to land resources in the region. In a number of countries such as Sierra Leone where large-scale land acquisition is ongoing, we posit t
Purpose: To analyze the development of windswept hip deformity (WS) in a total population of children with cerebral palsy (CP) up to 20 years of age, the association between WS and hip dislocation, and femoral varus osteotomy and scoliosis, and the impact of a hip surveillance program on the subsequent incidence of WS. Methods: This is a prospective study on children with CP in southern Sweden inc
Background: Phonological disorders are common in 3-year-olds born with cleft palate compared to non-cleft peers. However, published results have been based on small samples. The purpose was to expand the knowledge on phonology of Swedish-speaking 3-year-olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), treated with primary palatal closure in one or two stages. Methods: The phonology of 26 children
Repeated exposure to elevated levels of glucocorticoids during development can have long-term detrimental effects on survival and fitness, potentially associated with increased telomere attrition. Nestling birds are regularly handled for ecological research, yet few authors have considered the potential for handling-induced stress to influence hormonally mediated phenotypic development or bias int
Inactivation or mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene has been observed in a wide variety of human and murine tumors. We have found that a v-myc retrovirus (J3)-induced T-cell lymphoma line (J3D) has lost one of its p53 alleles, whereas the other has become inactivated due to the insertion of a Moloney murine leukemia provirus in intron 4 with an opposite transcriptional orientation. No p53 pr
The purpose of this research was to investigate the geometrical accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) images used in the radiation therapy treatment planning for lung cancer. In this study, the capability of MR imaging to acquire dynamic two-dimensional images was explored to access the motion of lung tumors. Due to a number of factors, including the use of a large field-of-view for the thorax, MR i
We investigate the star formation-feedback cycle in cosmological galaxy formation simulations, focusing on the progenitors of Milky Way (MW)-sized galaxies. We find that in order to reproduce key properties of the MW progenitors, such as semi-empirically derived star formation histories (SFHs) and the shape of rotation curves, our implementation of star formation and stellar feedback requires (1)
Purpose: With longer life expectancies, the prevalence of arrhythmias is increasing; thus, there is a need for new methods to screen the older outpatient population. This population-based study describes the prevalence of arrhythmias in 200 outpatients aged ≥66 years. We also investigated the feasibility of wireless long-term recording (LTR) using the ECG-BodyKom®. Methods: Two hundred elderly per
During the past 25 years, the combination of increasingly sophisticated gene targeting technology with transplantation techniques has allowed researchers to address a wide array of questions about postnatal mammary gland development. These in turn have significantly contributed to our knowledge of other branched epithelial structures. This review chapter highlights a selection of the mouse models
Spiders have been suspected to be one of the most important groups of natural enemies of insects worldwide. To document the impact of the global spider community as insect predators, we present estimates of the biomass of annually killed insect prey. Our estimates assessed with two different methods suggest that the annual prey kill of the global spider community is in the range of 400-800 million
When subjected to stress, plants reprogram their growth by largely unknown mechanisms. To provide insights into this process, the growth of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves that develop under mild osmotic stress was studied. Early during leaf development, cell number and size were reduced by stress, but growth was remarkably adaptable, as division and expansion rates were identical to con
Background: Globally, the population is ageing and lives with several chronic diseases for decades. A high symptom burden is associated with a high use of healthcare, admissions to nursing homes, and reduced quality of life. The aims of this study were to describe the multidimensional symptom profile and symptom burden in community-dwelling older people with multimorbidity, and to describe factors
Mechanism reductions of the detailed aqueous phase chemistry mechanism CAPRAM 3.0i are performed. Manual methods and automatic techniques are both applied in order to provide a less computationally intensive mechanism which is operational in regional chemistry transport models (CTMs). The finally reduced mechanism contains less than 200 reactions (4 times smaller than the detailed CAPRAM 3.0i) and
There is an assumption in current landscape preference theory of universal consensus in human preferences for moderate to high openness in a natural landscape. This premise is largely based on empirical studies of urban Western populations. Here we examine for the first time landscape preference across a number of geographically, ecologically and culturally diverse indigenous populations. Included
Undifferentiated uterine sarcomas (UUS) are a heterogenous group of high-grade mesenchymal tumors. Although these tumors are highly aggressive, a subset of patients may experience long-term survival. These tumors have previously been divided morphologically into uniform and pleomorphic types. A previous study demonstrated that a mitotic index cutoff of 25 mitoses/10 high-power fields (correspondin
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is regarded as a severe pest of fruit production in Asia. Despite its economic importance, only limited information regarding the molecular and developmental biology of this insect is known to date. We provide a detailed analysis of B. dorsalis embryology, as well as the expression patterns of a number of segmentation genes known to act during patternin
and international research projects have attempted to measure andquantify the importance of ecosystem goods and services for people.Nowadays, it is safe to claim that ecosystems, through their naturalprocesses and functions, provide services that are essential for humanwell-being. However, in industrialized societies people often forgethow intricately our daily lives depend on natural ecosystems a
