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Most of the world's poor live in developing markets and face unmet needs in core areas such as education, health, energy, sanitation and financial services. This offers businesses a vast opportunity for growth as these economies emerge from low-income to middle-income status. Social businesses in particular address a social need while generating profits typically reinvested into the business itsel
We present two new data structures for computing values of an n-variate polynomial P of degree at most d over a finite field of q elements. Assuming that d divides q-1, our first data structure relies on (d+1)n+2 tabulated values of P to produce the value of P at any of the qn points using O(nqd2) arithmetic operations in the finite field. Assuming that s divides d and d/s divides q-1, our second
Objective. To assess lung cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), relative to demographics, drug exposures, smoking, and disease activity. Methods.We analyzed data from 14 SLE cohorts. We calculated adjusted HR estimates for lung cancer in SLE, relative to demographics, smoking, time-dependent medication exposures, and cumulative disease activity [mean adjusted SLE Disease Activity Inde
Harmonic periods have wide applicability in industrial real-time systems. Rate monotonic (RM) is able to schedule task sets with harmonic periods up to 100% utilization. Also, if there is no release jitter and execution time variation, RM and EDF generate the same schedule for each instance of a task. As a result, all instances of a task are interfered by the same amount of workload. This property
For ∼50 years mixtures of cobalt(II) and manganese(II) acetates with sodium bromide or hydrobromic acid in acetic acid have been used as catalysts for the homogeneous aerobic oxidation of alkylaromatic compounds. They are known to be stable mixtures. While characterizing this mixture via EXAFS, it was thus surprising to observe an unexpected change in the color of the reaction mixture from deep bl
Available studies on visual field disturbances in diabetic retinopathy have shown conflicting results, obtained with different and often non-comparable techniques. We have studied visual fields at different stages of diabetic retinopathy with modern sensitive computerized technique taking precautions to limit disturbing effects of random field variation and lack of perimetric experience. Sixty-thr
□ Total hip arthroplasty (THA) registers are established in several countries to collect data aiming to improve the results after THA. Monitoring of adverse outcomes after THA has focused mainly on revision surgery, but patientreported outcomes have also been investigated. □ Several surgery-related factors influencing the survival of the THA have been thoroughly investigated and have changed clini
The brain tissue has only a limited capacity for generating new neurons. Therefore, to treat neurological diseases, there is a need of other cell sources for brain repair. Different sources of cells have been subject of intense research over the years, including cells from primary tissue, stem cell-derived cells and reprogrammed cells. As an alternative, direct reprogramming of resident brain cell
Purpose: Children’s results on school-related achievements tests, such as aspects of math, reading and writing, have been shown to decline following a lengthy summer vacation. Few studies have investigated whether this also applies to vocabulary skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate how lexical organization and retrieval, assessed by a semantic verbal fluency (SVF) task, develops dur
Introduction: Clothing area factor (fcl) is an indicator of the increase in surface area relative to the nude body for calculation of heat loss from the clothed body to the environment. The aim was to calculate and compare the fcl values from two equations by the photographic method.Method: Thirty-five modern western indoor clothing sets (19 male and 16 female) were tested on a thermal manikin Tor
Public transport is an important part of the transition to a more sustainable future. The increasingly market-oriented public transport companies today market themselves with a wealth of messages in multiple channels such as direct mail, websites and apps. This communication is part of the influence that the (potential) traveler is exposed to, yet little research and testing is carried out in orde
BackgroundWhile genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of multiple myeloma (MM) have identified variants at 23 regions influencing risk, the genes underlying these associations are largely unknown. To identify candidate causal genes at these regions and search for novel risk regions, we performed a multi-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS).ResultsGWAS data on 7319 MM cases and 234,3
Over the last two decades, several large terror attacks have led to increased discussion of the use of different surveillance technologies. The use of novel technologies for pre-emptive security and surveillance has been discussed and criticized academically, but few studies have addressed the public. Studies that target the public tend to assume an oversimplified trade-off between privacy and sec
1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) occurs in both the central and peripheral nervous system. In the periphery, NPY coexists with noradrenaline (NA) in perivascular sympathetic fibers. 2. NPY has a vasopressor effect, reflecting direct vasoconstriction of blood vessels and potentiation of the NA-evoked response. NPY also suppresses the release of NA from sympathetic fibers. 3. The post- and pre-junctional NPY
The intensification of agricultural practices throughout the twentieth century has had large detrimental effects on biodiversity and these are likely to increase as the human population rises, with consequent pressure on land. To offset these negative impacts, agri-environment schemes have been widely implemented, offering financial incentives for land-owners to create or maintain favourable habit
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoreactivity against GAD but the diagnostic sensitivity (positivity in disease) and specificity (negativity in health) of isoform-specific GAD antibodies have yet to be defined in assay systems suitable for screening large number of samples. One set of IDDM patient (n=10) and control (n=50) standard sera were used to develop quantitat
Longitudinal data from cohort studies show that early life factors such as low birth weight are associated with the development of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Moreover, the majority of published studies concur that blood pressure is higher in adolescents and young adults with a history of low birth weight. Although the precise mechanisms linking early li
BACKGROUND: The first generation of genome sequence assemblies and annotations have had a significant impact upon our understanding of the biology of the sequenced species, the phylogenetic relationships among species, the study of populations within and across species, and have informed the biology of humans. As only a few Metazoan genomes are approaching finished quality (human, mouse, fly and w
