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The characteristics of an Elekta amorphous silicon (a-Si) electronic portal imaging device (EPID) in response to a 6 MV photon beam generated without a flattening filter, an unflattened beam, have been determined. The characteristics were then compared to those for a conventional photon beam generated with a flattening filter in the beam, a flattened beam, in order to determine the suitability of

OBJECTIVE: Widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment has led to an increase in the number of reported cases of immunotherapy-related endocrinopathies. This study aimed to analyze and compare human leukocyte antigen (HLA) signatures associated with ICI-induced type 1 diabetes (ICI-T1D) and isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ICI-IAD) in patients with bot

The human sex ratio at birth (SRB) undergoes temporary changes around a mean proportion of 0.51 male births. SRB has been well studied for historical, geographical, and secular trends, but until now not linked to health outcomes in the total population, e.g. for cardiovascular disease (CVD) or mortality during follow-up of birth cohorts. We used linkage analysis based on national registers in Swed

The resettlement and integration of a displaced population into a new society faces a plethora of challenges. These range from lack of national legal frameworks to plan and implement planned relocation, to the absence of a long-term vision, inadequate funds, and poor institutional structures. The 3-year EU Erasmus+ funded REGARD Project (REbuildinG AfteR Displacement) set out to address some of th

This paper is Part I in a series of articles focused on a fundamental study on liquid jet disintegration. The main goal of this work is to provide an extensive open access database of high-speed images and videos for modelers and researchers in the field of fluid mechanics studying the dynamics of a liquid jet transiting from the Rayleigh to the atomization regimes. The injector under examination

Abnormal gut motility is a feature of several mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, and mutations in genes such as TYMP and POLG, have been linked to these rare diseases. The human genome encodes three DNA ligases, of which only one, ligase III (LIG3), has a mitochondrial splice variant and is crucial for mitochondrial health. We investigated the effect of reduced LIG3 activity and resulting mitochon

Purpose: Very old critical ill patients are a rapid expanding group in the ICU. Indications for admission, triage criteria and level of care are frequently discussed for such patients. However, most relevant outcome studies in this group frequently find an increased mortality and a reduced quality of life in survivors. The main objective was to study the impact of frailty compared with other varia

OBJECTIVES: To investigate and characterize the influence of sex, age, muscle strength, and cardiovascular fitness on manual lifting patterns using exposure variation analysis (EVA) during a full working day among blue-collar workers.METHODS: Muscular activity (surface electromyography [sEMG]) of the thigh, low-back, and shoulder was measured throughout the working day in 173 employees with manual

Background: In hereditary angioedema (HAE), low levels (type 1) or defect in function (type 2) of the serine-protease inhibitor C1 Inhibitor protein results in activation of the classical pathway of the complement system as well as the contact system. Here, we investigated the risk of comorbidities in HAE. Methods: Individuals with HAE (n = 239; identified through a physician made diagnosis) and a

Background Biomarkers based on detecting prostate cancer (PCa)-specific transcripts in blood are associated with inferior outcomes, but their validation in a clinical context is lacking. Objective To determine whether detecting enhanced transcripts for PCa in whole blood using an analytically valid assay has prognostic significance relative to circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration. Design, sett

Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA), and AF detection can be challenged by asymptomatic and paroxysmal presentation. Long-term ECG monitoring after ischaemic stroke or TIA is recommended by all major societies in cardiology and cerebrovascular medicine as a secondary prophylactic measure. However, data on stroke red

BACKGROUND: The relative cardiovascular safety of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists compared with GnRH agonists in men with prostate cancer and known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains controversial. METHODS: In this international, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label trial, men with prostate cancer and concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were

Time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging techniques rely on obtaining 3D information for each time point and are crucial for materials-science applications in academia and industry. Standard 3D X-ray imaging techniques like tomography and confocal microscopy access 3D information by scanning the sample with respect to the X-ray source. However, the scanning process limits the temporal re

Introduction. The cure rate of early stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is excellent; investigating the late effects of treatment is thus important. Esophageal toxicity is a known side effect in patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) to the mediastinum, although little is known of this in HL survivors. This study investigates the dose to the esophagus in the treatment of early stage HL using different RT

Background: Optimizing rectal suction biopsy (RSB) diagnostics in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) may shorten diagnostic time and prevent need for repeated biopsies. Aim: To explore whether systematic orientation of fresh RSB specimens increased biopsy quality, diagnostic times, diagnostic efficacy, and histopathologic workload, and to explore these outcome measures for aganglionic specimens. Material

1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) occurs in both the central and peripheral nervous system. In the periphery, NPY coexists with noradrenaline (NA) in perivascular sympathetic fibers. 2. NPY has a vasopressor effect, reflecting direct vasoconstriction of blood vessels and potentiation of the NA-evoked response. NPY also suppresses the release of NA from sympathetic fibers. 3. The post- and pre-junctional NPY

Combatting human smuggling and human trafficking has been one of the priority objectives of the EU and its Member States in their efforts to decrease the number of migrants arriving in EU territory. The development of strong cooperation with third-countries has been considered indispensable to the effectiveness of what is often described in EU documents as the ‘fight’ against human trafficking and

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of pathological disease and spectrum of human papillomavirus (HPV) types among symptomatic foreskin tissue. Patients and Methods: Consecutively excised symptomatic foreskins from 351 men were sent for histopathological evaluation. During the surgical procedure, a fresh biopsy was taken for HPV analysis by modified general primer polymerase chain reaction.

Lung cancer is the worldwide leading cause of death from cancer. Epigenetic modifications such as methylation and changes in chromatin accessibility are major gene regulatory mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and cellular lineage commitment. We aimed to characterize these processes in the context of neuroendocrine (NE) lung cancer. Illumina 450K DNA methylation data were collected for 1407 lung