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Popular Abstract in Swedish 75% av alla kemiska reaktioner sker på en yta av något slag. En av anledningarna till detta är att många ytor har en katalytisk effekt. Inom kemins värld är en katalysator något som påskyndar en kemisk reaktion utan att själv förbrukas, och ett tydligt exempel på en katalytiskt aktiv yta är en bilkatalysator, vilken i princip består av en varm metallyta. På denna yta omThis work deals with interpretation of experimental surface spectroscopic data with the aid of first-principle calculations. Surface infrared reflection-absorption spectra as well as spectra from the electron spectroscopic methods photoemission and X-ray absorption are considered. In all cases the surface is modeled by a metal cluster with the same (frozen) geometry as part of the surface. The wo

Popular Abstract in Swedish Immunförsvaret, som även kan benämnas immunsystemet, kan betraktas som ett organ som är utspritt i hela kroppen istället för samlat på ett ställe. Immunsystemet består av ett stort antal vita blodkroppar som finns i blodet, ute i vävnaderna, samt samlade i lymfkörtlar och mjälten. Immunsystemets uppgift är att försvara oss från yttre faror som virus och bakterier samt a

Abstract in Norwegian Afhandlingens emne er måling af effekt af McKenzie behandlingsmetoden til patienter med uspecifik lænderygbesvær og udvikling af et diagnostisk klassifikationssystem til brug i primærsektoren. McKenzie metoden er en af de mest anvendte af fysioterapeuter i en række vestlige lande til undersøgelse og behandling af patienter med rygbesvær. Delarbejde I er den første publiceredeThe aims of this thesis were to investigate the effects of the Mc-Kenzie method of mechanical diagnosis and therapy compared with that of intensive dynamic strengthening training for patients with non-specific low back pain (NLBP), and to develop a clinical diagnostic classification system for use in primary care. The McKenzie method is one of the most common methods for examination and treatment

Fashion's universal nature does not preclude strong variations in its significance from society to society. As a stratification variable, fashion's importance increases in step with economic growth. Simmel sees the ‘need for distinction’ and the ‘need for union’ as preconditions for fashion, with certain societies lacking the necessary motivation. Variations in fashion's importance have also been

Popular Abstract in Swedish Utveckling av nya industriella produkter sker allt oftare med hjälp av datormodeller. Dessa modeller beskriver fysiken för respektive produkt, vilket exempelvis kan vara en bil eller ett kraftverk. Med hjälp av modellerna kan en stor del av analyserna på de framtida produkterna ske med hjälp av datorer, varför färre prototyper behöver konstrueras, vilket medför kortare Simulation of coupled dynamical systems, where the subsystems are bundled with their own internal solver, is important in industry. This is due to that in many cases, with complex systems, this is the only viable option. In this setting, the dynamics of each system is hidden and information between subsystems is exchanged through sampled inputs and outputs, a weakly coupled system. While a new ind

We investigated the scale and characteristics of spring migration of soaring birds in Bourgas district, SE Bulgaria during three 5-day periods in March (27 th -31 st ), April (20 th -24 th ) and May (12 th -16 th ) 2008. Simultaneous counts were carried out from six observation points in two separate areas (Karnobat and Sredets), located 24.5 km and 37.3 km inland from the Black Sea coast, respect

Popular Abstract in Swedish En bakteries förmåga att orsaka sjukdom beror till viss del på vilka molekyler, så kallade virulensfaktorer, som bakterien kan utsöndra eller har på sin yta, samt på hur effektivt värdens immunförsvar är. I människans försvar mot infektioner spelar inflammation och koagulation en stor roll. Exempelvis kan infektionen avgränsas med ett olösligt koagel och vita blodkroppaLife-threatening conditions from bacterial infections are a major clinical problem. During a severe infection, the host responds by a massive release of pro-inflammatory mediators together with a systemic activation of systems such as the coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement systems. These events could result in the development of complications such as disseminated intravascular coagulation a

Second-generation bioethanol produced from various lignocellulosic materials, such as wood, agricultural or forest residues, has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or a complement to, gasoline. One of the crucial steps in the ethanol production is the hydrolysis of the hemicellulose and cellulose to monomer sugars. The most promising method for hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose is by

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the long-term outcome and on factors influencing the prognosis in patients with cerebellar infarcts treated with surgical decompression.METHODS: Thirty-two patients (age 64.3 ± 9.9 years) with expansive unilateral cerebellar infarcts were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were treated with ventriculostomy, suboccipital decompressive craniectomy and remov

There is an extensive research that explores the reproduction of transnational communities and relations, with a particular focus on locality, identity and culture. However, the existing literature on transnational migration is largely based on the case studies of immigrant communities living in the United States and Western Europe, while not much has been said about the transnational practices of

Objective: To clarify the preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease by estimating when β-amyloid accumulation first becomes associated with changes in cognition. Methods: Here we studied a large group (N = 4432) of cognitively unimpaired individuals who were screened for inclusion in the A4 trial (age 65–85) to assess the effect of subthreshold levels of β-amyloid on cognition and to identify which

An optimal network design was carried out to prioritise the installation or refurbishment of greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring stations around Africa. The network was optimised to reduce the uncertainty in emissions across three of the most important GHGs: CO2, CH4, and N2O. Optimal networks were derived using incremental optimisation of the percentage uncertainty reduction achieved by a Gaussian Ba

Purpose: We present a novel algorithm for computer simulation of breast anatomy for generation of anthropomorphic software breast phantoms. A realistic breast simulation is necessary for preclinical validation of volumetric imaging modalities.Methods: The anthropomorphic software breast phantom simulates the skin, regions of adipose and fibroglandular tissue, and the matrix of Cooper's ligaments a

The β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in all stages of T cell development. Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is an evolutionary conserved serine/threonine kinase and a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. NLK can directly phosphorylate histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), as well as T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF), causing subsequent repression of target g

Context. Several new multi-object spectrographs are currently planned or under construction that are capable of observing thousands of Galactic and extragalactic objects simultaneously. Aims. In this paper we present a probabilistic fibre-to-target assignment algorithm that takes spectrograph targeting constraints into account and is capable of dealing with multiple concurrent surveys. We present

INTRODUCTION: The ability to provide primary care with the help of a digital platform raises both opportunities and risks. While access to primary care improves, overuse of services and medication may occur. The use of digital care technologies is likely to continue to increase and evidence of its effects, costs and distributional impacts is needed to support policy-making. Since 2016, the number

Background: Advances in perioperative pediatric care have resulted in an increased number of procedures requiring anesthesia. During anesthesia and surgery, the patient is subjected to factors that affect the circulatory homeostasis, which can influence oxygenation of the brain. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an easy applicable noninvasive method for monitoring of regional tissue oxygenation

BACKGROUND: Technical applications can promote home-based exercise and physical activity of community-dwelling stroke survivors. Caregivers are often able and willing to assist with home-based exercise and physical activity but lack the knowledge and resources to do so. ActivABLES was established to promote home-based exercise and physical activity among community-dwelling stroke survivors, with s